All World

The CAC 40 is expected to start the session in the red

While Wall Street ended the session and declined Friday Asian stock markets see red on Monday morning, the CAC 40 should continue to decline at the opening and drop 0.3% to 3908 points according to the contracts' future. " The session will mark the beginning of earnings season in the United States, with the aluminum giant Alcoa. Investors also remain attentive to the advances of the new meeting of central bankers in the euro area held Monday in Brussels.

Van Rompuy, Barroso and Trichet, heads of three major European institutions – the Council, the Commission and the Central Bank – in fact, find themselves on Monday morning to spur the seventeen countries of the euro, still unable to s' hear about mounting a second rescue plan for Greece.Then the seventeen ministers of finance are again struggling in the afternoon of the participation of private creditors (banks, insurers and pension funds) to finance the 110 billion euros expected by Athens. In addition, concerns are doing now in Italy. Friday, the country has seen its returns soar. Rumors about a possible resignation of Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti, would have triggered the movement.

The United States are also penalized by a debt record. Barack Obama finds MPs on Monday. He said Sunday night, before a meeting with key members of Congress, he "must" that Congress reached agreement on the debt within 10 days. Otherwise, the U.S. could default on August 2. The President will also hold a press conference on Monday.

Chapter Macroeconomics always INSEE reveal the level of industrial production in May.

Global sales of Renault and record values ​​on the side, investors will follow the announcements that Renault must publish its results this morning, trading in the first half before Peugeot tomorrow. Carlos Tavares went to the site of Flins Monday. Renault has announced an increase of 1.9% of its global sales in the first half, the strength of demand abroad offsetting supply problems it encounters in Europe.The group also expressed its willingness to establish a new sales record this year by selling more than 2.6 million vehicles due to its growth internationally and despite the poor performance in Europe in the first half, he said Monday.

Moreover, the energy values ​​might react to the launch of the tender giant (about EUR 10 billion) government on the construction of an offshore wind farm with a capacity of producing 3000 megawatts. Several candidates have already expressed: the consortium Su ez GDF, Areva and Vinci, another consortium Areva and combining the Spanish giant Iberdrola, EDF EN and all, Alstom and Dong Energy. E. ON and EDP-R have also responded to the tender.

Total may write off certain tax advantages.Following the controversy triggered by the imposition of any large groups of the CAC 40, Total could give up to enjoy the tax shelter known as "worldwide profits." The CEO also announced that he would pass to the pump the recent increases in crude oil prices.

Airbus, a subsidiary of EADS, would be willing to sell out to rival Boeing. The European aircraft manufacturer could make significant price reductions to crop market share with its U.S. rival in the U.S., in connection with the tender launched by American Airlines, says the Wall Street Journal. The U.S. airline expects to order 250 aircraft.

On the other hand airlines could face a strike in early August.The union of airline pilots SNPL filed a strike notice for all French airlines from August 5 to 8, written Tribunedans his edition of Monday.

Ipsos could be thwarted in his plans to return to UK Synovate. In fact, the British investment fund would be willing to put 675 million euros for the acquisition of Synovate, the tamping pin to French Ipsos already in discussions with the company for market research, according to information from the Financial Times. The Aegis Group, which owns Synovate, however, have rejected the offer.

ALSO READ:

"Threat of pilot strike in early August

"Brussels on the bailout impatient Greek

"U.S. Debt: Obama an ultimatum

"Fuel prices will rise again

Ways to get paid more than the CAC 40 companies

More companies are large and they carry less of the corporate tax. A fact known and already singled out by the board of tax and the Treasury, but on which a report of the National Assembly published on Wednesday by MP Gilles Carrez sheds new light.

Comparing the amounts paid under the corporate tax (IS) for all companies in France, the general rapporteur of the budget to the National Assembly was able to quantify the difference in tax burden between small businesses and the largest. "The real tax burden borne by small firms is 20 points higher than for large groups," says Gilles Carrez on Wednesday in Les Echos. A "drop that occurs across large groups internationalized," said the rapporteur.

The corporate tax paid by large groups of the CAC 40 is in fact much lower than that paid by SMEs. For four of them, it was even zero between 2007 and 2009, the report quoted by Les Echos. 10 billion euros in total was paid by the CAC 40 companies between 2007 and 2009 for the SI, including tax credits. Is, 86 million per group per year, representing only 0.4% on average of their turnover in France. The four companies which the state is a shareholder (France Telecom, EDF, GDF Suez and Renault) will make an exception, with a gross rate IS 40%.

Enclose tax loopholes

Gilles Carrez explains this differential taxation depending on the size of the company by the existence of tax loopholes that benefit large groups mostly internationalized.This is the deductibility of financial expenses from taxable income or the deferral limit deficits. These groups' benefit, legally, the opportunities available to them: the maximum charge in France expenses related to foreign operations, "expatriate" certain products under activities carried out in France, "said Gilles Carrez.

To avoid a stagnation of revenues SI "to a lower level than pre-crisis", the rapporteur suggests a framework for these tax loopholes enjoyed by the full CAC 40 companies. "Why not cap the financial expenses deductible, as are the Germans? It would be a kind of IS minimum. We could also return certain products, "he recommends.

According to Les Echos, the Elysium is the least prepared, as part of Budget 2012, a time limit on the deferral limit deficits.The regime of worldwide profits, which benefits mainly to Total and Vivendi could also be questioned. A debate that could beat its full part in the presidential election.

The IMF wants to avoid defaults in the U.S.

Avoid default at all costs. It's essentially the message sent Wednesday to the U.S. government by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), while Republicans and Democrats still have not found common ground to allow an increase in the ceiling of the debt of the United States .

Past the deadline of August 2, the Treasury Department, which has already reached the borrowing limit currently set at 14 300 billion, has warned that it would no longer enough to pay the bills of the state and that it would not be able to meet its loan repayments. For the IMF, the worst-case scenario could result in a lowering of the AAA rating of U.S. sovereign debt."The risk of a distant downgrade the United States and a sudden jump in interest rates on the debt of the federal government more generally could cause further turmoil in global financial markets," explains international organization in its annual report on economic conditions in the country.

"These risks may also have important global implications, given the central role of Treasuries (U.S. government bonds, Ed) in global financial markets," said Fund."Of course, the federal debt ceiling should be raised quickly to prevent a severe shock to the economy and global financial markets."

"We will reach an agreement"

Shortly after the publication of this report alarmist, President Barack Obama stepped into the breach: "The Vice President Joe Biden and I will continue negotiations with the leaders of both parties in Congress as long as necessary. We will reach an agreement that will require our government to live within its means, "he promised at a news conference, adding that the consequences of a lack of agreement would be" substantial and unpredictable " . "Nobody wants to compromise the quality of the signing of the United States. Nobody wants to see the United States into default. We must seize this moment and do it quickly, "said Bush low interest rate personal loans.

Back to the wall, the Treasury secretary, Timothy Geithner, has again urged the opposition to vote on the increase. "The U.S. is now forced to borrow about 40 cents for every dollar spent. Your proposal to let the debt cap at this level would require removing about 40% of all payments from the state. Such deep cuts would be felt by every American, and may cause the economy back into recession, "he warned.

The IMF, which is already looking beyond the vote, said that the Administration should seek "a quick consensus on a comprehensive plan for fiscal consolidation in the medium term, based on realistic macroeconomic assumptions.The main challenge for economic policy is to implement a sustainable and significant rebalancing of the budget while ensuring that the recovery remains fragile, remains on track. "

Growth 'modest' perspective

Regarding the pace of recovery in world's largest economy, the IMF has maintained its forecast of growth of 2.5% in 2011, already given June 17 as part of its global forecasts. He was counting on 3% in January and April of 2.8%. "We anticipate that growth will remain relatively small, private demand is not taking up slowly and the support of fiscal policy is removed," wrote economists from the IMF.They see "a slow decline in unemployment," a further debt relief for households "likely to weigh on private consumption in the years to come," an investment that would return "to more normal levels" and exports helped by "the recent depreciation of the dollar. "

The IMF is less optimistic than the U.S. central bank, which is between 2.7% and 2.9% economic growth yoy in the fourth quarter.

ALSO READ:

"If the U.S. administration was closing to pay the debt

"Obama tries to convert America to the rigor

Gold and oil unscrew

On Thursday, black oil

Last week was full of emotion on the oil markets. Until Wednesday, investors were rather good mood. The courses were on the upside with a barrel of "light sweet crude" from 93.26 dollars to 95.41 dollars in three days. Even moving to London Brent crude rose from 111.57 to 113.51 dollars over the period. The markets were so carried away by the renewed optimism in financial markets about the prospects of Greece avoid default. Moreover, the price rises as a result of lower stocks of crude and gasoline in the United States and following the Fed's decision to keep interest rates low.

Then, everything changed Thursday. That day, the IEA countries are brokers by surprise by announcing their intention to use their reserve stocks to put 60 million barrels on the market.This decision, which will lead to a sharp increase in supply leads to a sharp fall in markets: the barrel of "light sweet crude" for delivery in August finished Thursday at 91.02 dollars black while in London on IntercontinentalExchange, the price of Brent North Sea due to the same tumbled 108.02 dollars. Always concerned about this decision, the markets have been volatile Friday session one, barely worn by positive economic indicators in the United States. A barrel of "light sweet crude" for August delivery ended the week at 91.16 dollars and Brent at 105.52 dollars.

In New York, the courts show a fall of 8% over the last two weeks, and even about 20% from their peaks in early May.

Gold through turbulence

Such as oil, gold was a very quiet start of the week.The yellow metal, a safe haven par excellence, was then boosted by lingering fears surrounding the budget crisis in Greece and the risks of contagion to other countries in the euro area. Wednesday, the day after the vote of confidence from Parliament to the government, even an ounce rose to 1558.25 dollars, not far from its high of 1577.57 dollars.

Then on Thursday, the shock wave that hit the oil markets hit gold. It continued until Friday. On these two days, the precious metal lost nearly 50 dollars, falling Friday to 1504.85 dollars, its lowest level in a month. The nervousness of investors in commodities gained the metal shelter. She was more accentuated by a sharp rise in the dollar against the euro adversely affected by the crisis in Greece.On the London Bullion Market, an ounce of gold finished Friday at 1514.75 dollars at auction in the afternoon.

In the wake of the gold, silver, rose significantly until Wednesday, before dropping more than 6% the next two days. The gray metal finished Friday at 34.73 dollars per ounce. Pulled down by the plunge in gold and the rising dollar, an ounce of platinum finished Friday at 1696 against $ 1829 dollars a week earlier, while an ounce of palladium ended at 739 dollars against 810 dollars in September days earlier.

Base metals with no direction

As for base metals, it was time for hesitation. Nickel (22,130 dollars per tonne), lead (in 2564 dollars) and zinc (in 2251 dollars) are the only ones to show increases.For others, the context was too heavy with the uncertain outcome of the case of Greece and the signs of slowdown in the U.S. and China which was happening at a push of the dollar. All these elements made the metal less attractive to investors very suspicious vis-à-vis the commodity markets since the fall of oil prices.

The copper market barometer, was not supported by the latest report of the International Group for the Study of copper (ICSG), which indicates a production surplus of 18,000 tonnes in March. On the LME, the tonne of copper for delivery in three months ended down at 9,044.50 dollars on Friday.

Wheat, corn and soybeans down

The prices of food have not been affected last week by the Action Plan of the G20 countries to fight against the volatility of agricultural products.In Chicago, the investors had more eyes turned to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), which is published this week reports on acreage and stocks by. Meanwhile, warmer weather since early June fueling a decline in prices. Bushel of corn (about 25 kg) for September delivery ended Friday at 6.55 dollars (4.6% on the week), the soybean contract for November delivery rose to 13.10 dollars ( -1.7%) and a bushel of wheat due in September ended at 6.61 dollars (6.6%).

Note that in London, cocoa prices were supported by the "swollen shoot", a viral disease that threatens the harvest cocoa in Ivory Coast, according to observers. However, prices have limited their gains over the weekend, affected by a rise in the dollar.On Liffe in London, a tonne of cocoa for September delivery was worth 1867 dollars and on the NYBOT-ICE U.S., the contract for the same term finished in 2967 dollars.

The CAC 40 is depressed before the European meeting

The Paris market continues to fall on Thursday, a reflection of what has been observed in Asian markets this morning and the decline in U.S. indices yesterday. Wednesday evening, the Cac 40 lost 0.15% and ended at 3871.37 points in a very dynamic market, with over 7.1 billion traded on the benchmark index of the Paris Bourse. And on Thursday, the index still declined from 0.49% to 3852.48 points.

At the time of opening, the composite PMI, which includes industry and services, has returned to version 55.4 "flash" against 60.3 in May, reaching its lowest level since October. The growth of private sector activity in France has slowed more than expected in June.

European side, European leaders find themselves on Thursday night in Brussels at a summit to try to reassure their ability to stem the endless debt crisis in Greece and prevent contagion throughout the euro area, which worries more and more abroad. Other items on the agenda: the confirmation of the appointment in November of the Italian Mario Draghi as President of the ECB to replace Jean-Claude Trichet.

The publication of the memo on the economy of France, to be released at 22 o'clock tonight, will be watching. In addition, the G20 agricultural ends today. In addition, Christine Lagarde, a candidate for the general direction of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), spends his oral exam today in Washington.The maintenance of his rival, Mexico's Agustin Carstens, was held Tuesday.

United States, a report by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) on Wednesday warned against an explosion of net public debt, which can reach 100% of GDP by 2021 if nothing is done to correct the current trajectory. In addition, the U.S. central bank is now focusing on a GDP increase of less than 3% in the fourth quarter. New measures could be considered if the economic situation deteriorated.

On the currency markets, the euro bends slightly from 0.20% to 1.4307 dollar.

EDF denies

The CAC 40, only Pernod Ricard rises in green: 0.06% to 66.49 euros. But in the SBF 120, Lagardère stands: 2.33% to 27.40 euros.Areva takes him 0.59% to 25.50 euros.

Side drops, banks suffer: -1.66% to 39.21 for SocGen, -1.51% to 10 instant credit report.10 euros and Credit Agricole -1.18% to 42.12 euros for BNP Paribas. European banks resisted, however, a defect in Greece, according to Bernard de Longevialle, head of bank ratings at Standard & Poor's. Note that BNP Paribas bought 25% of Findomestic to the bank Intesa Sanpaolo for 629 million euros and now holds 100%.

EDF (-0.52% to 25.96 euros), which plunged 3% yesterday s "ance, had to deny rumors of leaks in nuclear plants in France. The CGT has nevertheless confirmed that called for an end of a reactor at the plant in Seine-Maritime Paluel due to extraordinary levels of radioactivity. The electrician has admitted it yesterday "an accumulation of small differences" after the publication of an article Mediapart citing incidents in series.

In addition, the dean of French nuclear reactors, the central Fessenheim, would be allowed in the coming days to continue to operate for ten years.

EADS (-0.09% to 21.83 euros). The buyers of the Airbus A400M signed a framework agreement on the development and maintenance of the fleet of the future military transport aircraft. Furthermore, after signing an order for sixteen billion dollars with Indigo, negotiate with Airbus for 200 A320 AirAsia NEO.American Airlines could also favor the European aircraft manufacturer at the expense of its rival Boeing.

Air France-KLM lost 2.06% to 10.21 eruos.

Dassault Systemes (-2.74% to 56.15 euros, the largest decline rating) expects a double-digit increase in sales in the aerospace and defense between 2010 and 2014 thanks to the many innovations offered by these sectors, Reuters said Wednesday its chief executive Bernard Charles said in an interview.

Automobile manufacturers seek to diversify their income and increase customer loyalty.

Peugeot (-0.57% to 29.72 euros) PSA installed production capacity that should allow it to manufacture more than 30,000 hybrid vehicles per year, reports La Tribune. "At Sochaux, we expect a potential of 70 to 80 units per day," says Serge Isler, project 3008 Peugeot hybrid.In addition, PSA has manufactured in Rennes, Brittany, just over 15,000 Peugeot 508 equipped with the same technology, the paper said.

.

Benefit fraud estimated at 20 billion euros per year

In early June, Labour Minister Xavier Bertrand estimated at "several billion" the amount of social fraud and abuse annually, detected or not. On Tuesday, a parliamentary report published by AFP gives a figure a little more specific: over 20 billion euros. "Either 44 times more than the fraud being detected," wrote the rapporteur for the assessment mission statements for Social Security (MECSS) of the National Assembly, Dominique Tian, ​​UMP deputy of the Bouches-du-Rhone. In 2010, social security fraud was detected, in fact amounted to 458 million euros, a figure nevertheless up 20% year on year.

"Between 10% and 12% of companies are in breach"

Specifically, the report evaluates the existing fraud parliamentary levies (employer and employee contributions not paid because of the black) between 8 and 15.8 billion and those benefits (sick leave benefits, family allowances, RSA etc. .. ) 2 to 3 billion. With respect to illegal work, the UMP elected judge that "the practice is common, if not commonplace in some sectors of the economy." He said that "between 10% and 12% of companies are in breach and between 5% and 7% of employees are not reported." The report is also concerned about the development of "fraud by organized networks of smugglers."

While stressing the government's efforts in the fight, the report points to the results "insufficient".Its authors point out, that "the magnitude of the social deficits and the desire to better control public spending necessitate greater control over social spending." And the example of several European countries that have already moved in this direction, including the United Kingdom and Germany.

Vitale card biometric

The report, made 53 proposals, recommended to "improve the control of the state policy against social fraud" and simplify the "legal framework". The MECSS calls to "restore the face to face for the initial creation of files of requests for benefits and for which the remote procedures facilitate fraud."It also calls for a biometric card Vitale, limited duration, "which would include all social security data of the insured" and that would be issued by municipalities, such as for passports or identity cards.

To better "target audiences fraud", the report also encourages the spread of "Data Mining", or data mining, which involves crossing multiple data from different sources. Social agencies that can now exchange information with tax authorities or banks will benefit by the end of 2011 a common national directory of social protection (RNCP) that will identify compatible services in different branches.

Regarding sick leave abuse, the report suggests developing the "cons-visits" in the private and what is new among public servants.

Premium "presenteeism"

Finally, the fight against absenteeism, the report suggests "the principle of premiums presenteeism" in the image of anything done by the hospitals of Marseille, paying 219 euros gross officers with no absence in the years."This policy, in some ways depressing, had an immediate effect since the rate of abstentéisme fell 0.5% in 2010," while it increased in other hospitals, the report said.

For its part, the government needs Wednesday, the Council of Ministers, to review its action in the fight against fraud social communications with the Minister of Budget, Baroin, the Minister of Labour and Health, Xavier Bertrand, and Solidarity Minister, Roselyne Bachelot.

(With agencies)

3.3 billion euros of overall fraud detected

3.3 billion of fraud have been detected globally in 2010, says Le Parisien-Aujourd'hui en France on Wednesday morning. In detail, it is tax evasion, which represents most of the scams to the public finances, amounting to 2.4 billion euros.Social fraud is only for its "only" 458 million euros. The Minister of Budget, Baroin, is expected to announce the figures in the day after the cabinet meeting, and give details of its plan to fight against fraud.

ALSO READ:

"The child benefit fraud jumped 10% in 2010

"ON DEMAND INFO-How to fight against welfare fraud

BlackBerry breaks teeth on the shelves

There is no cause for celebration. After having downgraded its forecasts for its first quarter, Research In Motion (RIM), the Canadian manufacturer of BlackBerry, is predicting a difficult year 2012 (year ended March 31). Thursday evening after the close of trading, the group reported poor results for its first quarter, significantly down compared to previous quarter performance. At three months, sales of BlackBerry fell 11% to 13.2 million units. Consequently, the turnover will decline from 12% to $ 4.9 billion and profit down 10% to 695 million.

Layoffs

"The slowdown we saw in the first quarter continued in the second and delays in new product launches in late August lead to lower than expected forecast for the second quarter," said Jim Balsillie, co-president of RIM .He also announced a restructuring plan that will lead to a downsizing of the company to "avoid duplication." Without giving more details on its size payday loans. The group currently has approximately 12,000 employees worldwide.

The words of Jim Balsillie on the Group's financial strength has not reassured the markets. Nor does the sales duPlayBook, the tablet group, including 500,000 copies were sold in six weeks. This figure is almost too good to be true. It fits perfectly with the objectives the group, but failed to mention that it comes on the market one year after the outbreak of hostilities initiated by the iPad.Moreover, sales of PlayBook are well below those from Apple, which sold nearly 2 million iPad in two months.

Consequence of the performance against the first quarter and the bleak outlook for the future, during the informal session transaction after the market closes, the title has sold more than 15% yesterday in New York.

ALSO READ:

"BUZZ MEDIA – BlackBerry launches its Tablet PlayBook in France

Life Insurance: Senators returned to the charge

The Senate Finance Committee examined this morning the draft budget law easing the ISF and eliminating the tax shield. She returned to the load on the taxation of life insurance: it adopted an amendment under 20% to 25% tax rate on life insurance in case of death of the subscriber for contracts over 902 838 euros. At the Assembly meeting, members had rejected such an increase, however, given by the ratio of UMP budget Gilles Carrez. It is true that the government does not want it affects life insurance. The Senate should confirm or disprove their choice in plenary session.

The Senate Finance Committee is also back on provisions passed by the Assembly, on the grounds that increasing the tax loopholes.It has reduced the ceiling for overseas investment in social housing to its original level (36 000 euros or 13% of income, the Assembly has increased to EUR 40 000 or 15% of income). It deleted a niche created by the Assembly, which established a tax reduction of 50% for subscription in a local investment funds in overseas.

Moreover, senators of the Finance Committee decided that the ban on paying in cash purchases of metals come into force on 1 January 2012, not June 30, 2012. On another subject, she reinstated the Google tax, abolished by the Assembly.

Air traffic disrupted in Northern Europe

Thousands of passengers were stranded on Tuesday morning in Scotland as a result of the eruption of Icelandic Grímsvötn, which continued Monday spit a heavy cloud of ash and begins to disrupt air traffic in northern Europe. Eurocontrol, the European organization for aviation security, announced that 252 flights were canceled Tuesday.

Indeed, while Europe's airspace remains open, some companies have already taken action. British Airways has decided, "a precaution" to ensure no link between London and Scotland until Tuesday 14h (local time). For its part, the Dutch company KLM canceled sixteen flights between Amsterdam and the northern United Kingdom and Air Lingus and Easyjet have suspended their relations towards Scotland and northern England. In contrast, the British government has ruled out a total closure of its airspace.The Irish Aviation has also ensured that "all airports remain open," although "some flights could be affected by restrictions imposed by other European service providers."

The Scandinavian countries are also affected. The cloud reached Tuesday western Norway and Denmark. However, according to the Norwegian operator of airports, the impact on air traffic remains "very limited" for now. Ashes should be extending south of the country by the end of the day. In Denmark, the airspace was closed below 6000 meters on north-west. Delays and cancellations were reported at the airport in Copenhagen.

'No threat' for France by Thursday

"The cloud should reach the end of the day on southern Scandinavia, Denmark and parts of northern Germany," Eurocontrol said Tuesday.It could then move to France and northern Spain in midweek, "if volcanic emissions continue unabated," says Eurocontrol. Information figaro.fr confirmed Monday by the French Pascal Scavina forecaster. Monday night, the Secretary of State for Transport has, however, wanted Thierry Mariani reassuring. "For the next 48 hours, there is no threat, no risk.From Thursday, all depend on the nature of the eruption, "he said on France 2.

After the eruption of Eyjafjöll a year ago, the scenario of complete paralysis of European airspace could it be repeated? According to Thierry Mariani, "it will not take any risks but we can certainly go through some clouds of ash without any damage to the engines and therefore without any risk."

On Monday, the force of the eruption of Grímsvötn was still considered "important" by the Icelandic Meteorological Services. If the main airport in Iceland, the Reykjavik-Keflavik, reopened Monday night, civil aviation was unable to say whether he would remain operational on Tuesday.

ALSO READ:

"Icelandic Volcano: the airline industry trembling

"Icelandic Volcano: the danger was real planes

Publishers, the first victims of pirated software

Sad record. In France, more than a third of all software installed on PCs in 2010 was pirated, according to the latest study by Business Software Alliance (BSA), an international group of software publishers. This represents a market value of 1.9 billion euros, on a global market estimated at 9.5 billion euros. "The retail market is worse than that of businesses, but it is more difficult to control," said Eric Beaurepaire, a member of BSA.

Worldwide, software piracy generates a shortfall of 44 billion and ten billion for Europe alone. The United States is the country where the loss in value is most important, accounting for 7.1 billion euros. But in some "small" European countries, legislation and a little flexible when the market is still underdeveloped, the piracy rate is approaching 70%, as in Bulgaria or Romania.More generally, emerging markets are at a peak, with a piracy rate 2.5 higher than in mature markets, with a total value estimated at 21.7 billion euros.

At the head office and messaging

Pirated software the most concern the office and mail systems. What makes Microsoft the publisher the most penalized. Exposure correlated with its market share. The case of misuse is the most common deployment abusive (a company buys a license for 100 PCs and installs it on 200). "Cases of pure piracy, with the use of unlicensed software, are more rare," says Eric Beaurepaire.

This does not prevent users or even entire departments of large private companies fraudulently install software on their devices, possibly bypassing the procedures established by IT departments."Such practices can have dramatic consequences for societies. Pirated software can be corrupted with viruses … "insists Eric Beaurepaire. Not to mention the risk of financial penalties for the company.

Departments also

In France, where industry, technical fields and those related to the creation on the Internet appear to be less virtuous, no area is spared, not even the utility or ministries! Moreover, there is no real correlation between the rate of software piracy and its price. The most expensive are not necessarily the most coveted.Thus, security software, which does not always worth a score of euros, are not copied less than for professionals, which can be worth several thousand euros.

Paradoxically, the French might be followers of illegal copying, they say they are also very sensitive to the respect of intellectual property. A poll conducted by Ipsos for the BSA found that 68% of French people support the remuneration of inventors the world average is 71%. Aware of the risks of "software purchased on the street or" borrowed "between friends", the French, however, not hesitate to perform multiple installations, they do not perceive a real fraud.The advantages of software legally acquired access to technical assistance, protection against intruders … not enough to convince either the French users, less sensitive than the rest of the world to these arguments.

ALSO READ:

"The site of the Business Software Alliance