All World

Xavier Bertrand: "There is no question of fatalism"

LE FIGARO – The decline in unemployment in the early years seems to have forgotten. Are you discouraged by the new bad number?

Xavier Bertrand – Unfortunately, it is in the same line as the previous two months. Not surprisingly, with growth at 0%, not to mention that July is traditionally bad (9 increases in the last 11 years). But this does not detract from my belief that unemployment will go back down. Social plans are declining. Redundancies do not go back. The acting, which is always a precursor, is good. Job creation is strong even though they are largely absorbed by the increase in the labor force. And new measures we have taken in recent months, including learning, will begin to bear fruit. Nadine Morano, we hope to be many more such apprentices in September.There is no question of fatalism.

Where are we on assisted contracts?

On assisted contracts, CAE 222 435 (non-profit sector) were signed in late July, there are still 200,000 to be filled by the end of the year next CIE (businesses) there are still 34,000 of the 62,000 expected this year. Many assisted contracts co-funded by the departments will also be released in the second half. I also expect a significant commitment of councils and they play the game totally! Gard, where I was Friday, has proposed assisted contracts to 2.1% of recipients of RSA, it increased to 10%, which is our national goal, it would make 1500 people out of unemployment! Or it would cost the department 411 euros per month, against 467 for the current RSA.

Employment center director must change and adopt a more decentralized operation no later than the end of the year.Should speed things up?

We can not wait until the end of the year. Each agency will have a "drawing rights" on training, will be delegated more funding, allowing it to be much more responsive. The administrative part will be lighter with fewer indicators to inform. I remember the beginning of September the social partners and all those involved for me they confirm their agreement for the implementation of this new roadmap.

You loaded earlier in the year the sub-prefects to ensure the "connection" between job seekers and business leaders who, in the same area, have difficulty recruiting. This gives does it work?

Where there is a total momentum, the results are undeniable, even if it is too early to give figures.This coordination also involves the activation of the "local public service employment" in a pool which includes employment center, local missions, houses of employment, communities, business leaders … It's not necessarily spectacular, but it's effective. I meet again all the sub-prefects of France in September to set up action plans in each employment area, and next week I will hold a video conference with regional directors of employment center and the regional prefects quick cash.

A new device, providing better compensation and enhanced monitoring to retrenched, will be in effect on September 1. But it is the purpose of fixed term and temporary employment that increase.Is it necessary to invent devices for these cases?

We will be attentive to the suggestions of the social partners, the Prime Minister receives these days.

The budget for the job will he planed, given the savings measures announced Wednesday by François Fillon?

Tradeoffs are made by the president and the prime minister: he will be fully preserved in 2011 as in 2012.

Is it time to reduce the Employer contribution rebates on overtime, which amounts to increasing labor costs?

For the employer, the trigger, it is not the exemptions is the fact of having more work. And I remember that employee side, the logic of buying power is fully preserved, the changes will not remove one euro cent for employees in overtime.

The tax on very high incomes will be 3%, from 500,000 euros. The government will leave there to tighten the criteria, as part of the majority want?

Parliament will have to discuss, this is normal. Simply ask the question shows that the principle of this tax, which I defended from the beginning, is now widely accepted. The demand for justice is understood by all. For the same reason, I support the approximation of taxes on labor and heritage announcements Wednesday also go in this direction.

The complementary health are likely to raise their rates after being taxed more than one billion additional …

Nothing have to. A number of them are private companies that show significant benefits and therefore have room to maneuver.It is indeed a tax on insurance contracts, not the insured, in contrast to an increase in user fees such that we did not want.

The anti-deficit plan provides ten times the revenue increases that additional savings. Can we make more efforts in that direction?

We remove the tax loopholes. There is no general increase in taxes, as advocated by the Socialists and the way they do it is a real brand in the local communities they lead. This would be a policy that would break the prospects for growth. But it's true, France is a country with a high level of public spending and taxes. Pension reform, the non-replacement of an official two … reduce public spending.I am confident it will go much further in the coming years, do not hesitate to come back some expenses by asking systematically question: what people really value for money? The efficacy and justice must be the two criteria of the expense.

The United States lost their "AAA" rating

The penalty was expected but it still sounds like a shock. In the night from Friday to Saturday, the rating agency Standard and Poor's (S & P) has dared to lower the rating for government debt of the United States, and deprived of their "AAA" for the first time in history . S & P said in a statement it had degraded to the next level this note, the best possible, to bring it to 'AA +'. It also lowered its outlook to "negative", which means that Standard and Poor's believes that the next time the note will change, it will be to be devalued again. The United States were rated "AAA" by S & P since the creation of this agency in 1941.They remain in the other two major agencies, Moody's Dean (since 1917) and Fitch Ratings.

Standard and Poor's, which had warned in April that it was considering lowering, justified its decision with "political risks" to see the country taking insufficient measures against its budget deficit. For her, the political debate on these issues is not up to the problems caused by a debt of more than 14,500 billion. "The plan for balancing the budget on which Congress and the Executive have recently agreed is insufficient compared to what, in our view, would be needed to stabilize the dynamics in the medium term public debt" said S & P, citing the law known as "control the budget" passed Tuesday.

S & P is the second rating agency to downgrade the American note, after the Chinese – less powerful – Dagong.Other – mostly American and French Moody's Fitch – are currently at Triple A.

The U.S. public debt to more than 100% of GDP

The first power of the world is, well, so sure before. The United States and joined Japan, Spain and Ireland have lost that status envied payday loan lenders. The loss of this seal of excellence is expected brutal impact on the financial markets, difficult to imagine right now. But while the financial world is upside down, the risk that markets continue to dive is high. The announcement of S & P comes in effect when the markets were closed for the weekend, closing on both sides of the Atlantic one week black.

China, by far the world's largest creditor United States, found that she had "every right now to require the United States to address their structural problems of debt."Second World holder of U.S. debt, Tokyo assured him that his confidence in the U.S. Treasury and its strategy of purchasing these bonds were unchanged. In France, the Minister of Economy Baroin reiterated his "total confidence in the strength of the U.S. economy."

Two days ago, the U.S. debt has passed a symbolic milestone. Because it exceeded the threshold of 100% of GDP, just after raising the debt ceiling by Congress. The United States saw their public finances sealed by the harsh recession that crossed their economy from late 2007 to mid-2009. Since then, economic growth has returned, but they are not able to restore the health of their public finances. According to estimates by the International Monetary Fund, they should acknowledge this year, with about 9% of GDP, the highest budget deficit of the G20 countries, except Japan.It is sixteen countries rated "AAA" by Standard and Poor's, four of the G7: Germany, Canada, France and Great Britain.

(With AFP and Reuters)

ALSO READ:

"Why the threat of recession resurfaced

"The world as seen by the rating agencies

"The agency Fitch confirmed the triple-A U.S.

"The U.S. debt above 100% of GDP

Wall Street offers a respite

Wall Street fell sharply Wednesday recovering almost its closing levels of the end of June, clings to the balance at the opening on Thursday. The Dow Jones gleans indeed 0.03% to 12,307 points, while the Standard & Poor's 500 and Nasdaq 100 are respectively 0.06% to 1306 points and 2767 points to 0.07%.

The bad news accumulated including the announcement of a slowing U.S. economy by the Fed on Wednesday night. In its Beige Book, the Fed noted that "economic activity continued to grow, but the pace has diminished." The two black dots for the United States continues to use, with "moderate increases in employment" and a labor market "remained calm," and real estate, where "activity remains weak," according Fed.

The weak economic recovery is not the only concern.The other fear comes from the U.S. sovereign debt and the apparent lack of progress in Congress six days before the deadline after which the U.S. may default in payment. The White House has acknowledged Wednesday night thinking about how to run the U.S. federal government if Congress does not get along by 2 August on raising the debt ceiling, exposing the country to default.

The euro against the dollar stable

Macroeconomic side, new jobless claims in the U.S. fell after mid-July to their lowest since early April, according to figures released Thursday by the Labor Department. At 398,000 in seasonally adjusted data for the week of July 17 to 23, the first time in three and a half months that the estimate of unemployment claims dropped below the 400,000 mark.It is still awaiting figures on the promises of sales in the U.S. that will be particularly monitored 16 hours today.

On the foreign exchange market, the euro lost more ground against the dollar. It is trading around 15.30 U.S. $ 1.4265, down 0.72%. Oil prices, they were in small drop at the opening in New York, in a market trying to regain a foothold in the very quagmire of American debt crisis. Around 3:10 p.m., the New York Mercantile Exchange (Nymex), a barrel of "light sweet crude" for September delivery was trading at 97.00 dollars, down 40 cents from the previous day.

Sprint Nextel fall, Symantec is appreciated

The side of values, Symantec (3.99% to 19.15 dollars) reported for the first quarter of 2011/2012 a profit of $ 172 million, or 22 cents per share. Turnover was up 15% to 1.65% to 1.65 billion.For the current quarter, the company expects a growth in turnover from 12% to 13% minimum to 1 655 to 1 675 billion.

The chemicals group DuPont (1.76% to 53.20 dollars) shows a marked increase. The company announced on Thursday a net income up 5% in the second quarter, better than expected and raised its annual forecast results for 2011. Net income rose to $ 1.21 billion in the second quarter, against 1.15 billion last year, according to a statement from the group. DuPont also raised its annual earnings forecast "because of positive expectations for global growth."

However, Sprint Nextel (-15.70% to 4.35 dollars) falls after posting a quarterly loss Thursday than expected from April to June, the third largest U.S. mobile phone registered with more departures than arrivals of customers.Its loss widened to $ 847 million, 28 cents a share, against 760 million, 25 cents per share, a year earlier.

Exxon (-1.82% to 81.79 dollars). The tanker has reported a quarterly profit below expectations, in the refining business was worse than expected.

Colgate Palmolive (-0.25% to 85.28 dollars) announced quarterly results slightly above analysts' expectations, the good performance of international sales offsetting poor sales performance in North America. The manufacturer of toothpaste and care products posted a profit of $ 622 million over the period, or $ 1.26 per share for a turnover of 4.19 billion. Financial analysts anticipated $ 1.25 per share and 4.18 billion.

Visa (0.66% to 88.33 dollars) reported Wednesday a quarterly profit up 40%, while announcing the establishment of a new tariff structure for American traders. The first global network card payments reported earnings per share, excluding special items, of $ 1.26 while analysts had expected $ 1.23.

The investment fund Blackstone (0.06% to 17.38 dollars) is in talks with the American Medical Informatics Emdeon for a possible bid. The Wall Street Journal, the purchase price could reach $ 3 billion, including debt, if an offer materializes. The company Emdeon, which must publish its results on August 8, specializes in services and financial management software for physician offices.The Nashville company expects a turnover of 1.1 to 1.13 billion in 2011.

The Ford Motor Company (0.81% to 12.47 dollars) on Thursday announced plans to invest one billion dollars in a second plant in India to take advantage of the rapid expansion of the internal market and achieve its growth objectives.

Aflac (5.32% to 46.50 dollars) on Wednesday released after the close of Wall Street, earnings per share in the second quarter from 0.6 dollar against 1.23 dollar last year. The company maintained its forecast of growth of operating profit per share of 8% in 2011 and 2% to 5% in 2012.

Ameriprise Financial (3.78% to 53.52 dollars) announced earnings per share up 22% for the second quarter to $ 1.25.The amount of assets under management rose 17% to $ 670 million.

Cliffs Natural Resources (-4.95% to 88.96 dollars) has issued an earnings per share for the second quarter rose 52% to 2.92 dollars, thanks to acquisitions and higher prices for iron ore .

Murphy Oil (-6.23% to 62.75 dollars) made a profit of 1.6 dollar per share in the second quarter, up 13% thanks to higher crude oil and improved refining margins and retail margins.

The uncertainty weighs on the Paris Stock Exchange

Caution prevails at the Paris Stock Exchange on Thursday. After starting this crucial day for Europe in the green, the CAC 40 lost 0.88% to 3721.38 points in mid-day. The London Stock Exchange was down 0.80% to 5807 points and the DAX index of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange loose 0.87% to 7158 points.

As with other global exchanges, all operators will have the eye to Brussels where to begin 1:01 p.m. at the extraordinary summit of the leaders of the euro area. They have an obligation to find a solution on a new plan of aid to Greece if they want to prevent contagion from the debt crisis. Angela Merkel and Nicolas Sarkozy on Wednesday reached a common position on the new financial rescue plan and a private sector participation.The content of the agreement between the German Chancellor and French President was not specified but to do so, it took seven hours of talks "very tight" in Berlin, according to members of the French delegation. The two leaders called on mid-term president of the European Central Bank, Jean-Claude Trichet, to join them in Frankfurt, suggesting that the compromise has its support. José Manuel Barroso, President of the European Commission launched Wednesday a warning more serious than usual to the leaders of the euro area.

But doubt was again set on Thursday after the statements of leading finance ministers of the euro area, Jean-Claude Juncker, who did not rule out a possible default of Greece.Jean-ClaudeJuncker also considered that an agreement on a tax on European banks to help finance a new aid program in Athens would be difficult. "I do not think there will be an agreement," he said.

Obama confident

On the foreign exchange market, the euro declined sharply against the dollar. Around 11:30 in Paris, the single European currency was worth 1.4147 dollars against 1.4212 dollars late Wednesday. Oil prices were up, however, supported by market expectations of seeing the debt crises lead to solutions.A barrel of "light sweet crude" for delivery in August took 28 cents to 98.68 dollars and that of Brent North Sea crude for September delivery took nine cents to 118.24 dollars.

United States, President Barack Obama received Wednesday several leaders of Congress and the White House has once again expressed confidence in a political solution to the crisis of debt before August 2, to avoid a default. "I expect us to find a solution," the president said in an interview with local TV KMBC Kansas City, renewing his call for compromises from both sides, whether its Democratic allies or his Republican opponents.

Rafale indicators

In addition to the meeting, the markets should observe the indicators that will be published on both sides of the Atlantic.In France, the composite PMI, which includes industry and services, is version 52.8 "flash" from 54.9 in June. "The financial crisis of 2008/2009 aside, the latest survey data suggest lower growth in overall activity since the third Gulf War in 2003," said Jack Kennedy, economist at Markit.

Activity in the private service also slowed against all odds in Germany in July to its lowest in two years, according to preliminary results of the survey Markit. The composite PMI stood at 52.2 in both "flash" against 57.3 in June.

United States, the day will begin with the weekly jobless claims. It will be followed index of home prices in the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), the index of manufacturing activity Philadeplhie Fed, then the index of leading indicators.

China's manufacturing activity shrank in July for the first time last year, registering its largest decline in 28 months, according to preliminary PMI HSBC published this morning. PMI Purchasing Managers calculated fell to 48.9 against 50.1 in June, the lowest level for this indicator since March 2009. This new atmosphere was sealed on the Asian markets.

Values ​​to follow

Banking

Banks eagerly awaiting the end of the EU summit. Their participation in the rescue of Greece is at the heart of the debates. Moreover, the institutions of the European Union will face fines of up to 10% of their net banking if they do not meet new international requirements for capital and liquidity, said Michel Barnier.

After opening in the green, the area was about-face in the middle of martinée. A mid-term securities of large establishments accuse all of declines. Societe Generale (-1.22% to 35.56 euros), Credit Agricole (-0.67% to 8.85 euros), Natixis (-1.10% to 3.16 euros), and BNP Paribas (-3, 01% to 47.33 euros) are among the largest declines the CAC

EADS: 0.24% to 24.90 euros

Airbus is ready to look "seriously" the increase in the production of single-aisle A320 to carry it beyond the already record a goal, but has not so far committed to this, its president said Wednesday Excecutive.

Eutelsat: 1.20% to 31.16 euros

The Strategic Investment Fund (ISF) on Monday rejected a proposed takeover of Eutelsat joint push by the Spanish Abertis, reported Thursday the newspaper Les Echos.

The benefits of Publicis climb

Plastic Omnium: 6.12% to 24.97 euros

The Group expects a net profit in 2011 "strong growth" after a rise of 26% in the first half to 91.4 million.

Publicis: -2.85% to 36.75 euros

In the first half, the Group generated revenue of 2.7 billion euros in organic growth of 7.1%, exceeding the expectations of analysts whose estimates ranged from 6.2% to 6.5%.

Remy Cointreau: 4.73% to 60.95 euros

The group reported a turnover of 198.6 million euros in the first quarter organic growth of 22.5%.

Unibail-Rodamco: 0.26% to 143.88 euros

The group said it had signed for 1.1 billion euros of asset sales in the first half and accelerated its development plans after reporting an earnings growth supported by its recurring rental income.

Ubisoft: 3.83% to 6.15 euros

The group announced that its sales better than expected first quarter gross margin should support a few days after being heavily penalized by the stock market concerns about future profitability.

Mersen: 3.43% to 40.10 euros

The group released a turnover up 17% in the second quarter, supported by sales in solar activity, which is the group to provide a statement of objectives for the entire year.

APRR: 0.11% to 46.90 euros

The group announced it had recorded a traffic decrease of 0.8% in the second quarter 2011, impacted by the decline in light vehicle traffic.

Cegid: 1.91% to 20.49 euros

The group reported a 32% decline in net profit in the first six months of the year to 4.8 million, despite a 5% increase in sales. The publisher of management software specialist said that last year, accounts for the first half was boosted by a reversal of provision for risk.

The CAC 40 is depressed before the European meeting

The Paris market continues to fall on Thursday, a reflection of what has been observed in Asian markets this morning and the decline in U.S. indices yesterday. Wednesday evening, the Cac 40 lost 0.15% and ended at 3871.37 points in a very dynamic market, with over 7.1 billion traded on the benchmark index of the Paris Bourse. And on Thursday, the index still declined from 0.49% to 3852.48 points.

At the time of opening, the composite PMI, which includes industry and services, has returned to version 55.4 "flash" against 60.3 in May, reaching its lowest level since October. The growth of private sector activity in France has slowed more than expected in June.

European side, European leaders find themselves on Thursday night in Brussels at a summit to try to reassure their ability to stem the endless debt crisis in Greece and prevent contagion throughout the euro area, which worries more and more abroad. Other items on the agenda: the confirmation of the appointment in November of the Italian Mario Draghi as President of the ECB to replace Jean-Claude Trichet.

The publication of the memo on the economy of France, to be released at 22 o'clock tonight, will be watching. In addition, the G20 agricultural ends today. In addition, Christine Lagarde, a candidate for the general direction of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), spends his oral exam today in Washington.The maintenance of his rival, Mexico's Agustin Carstens, was held Tuesday.

United States, a report by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) on Wednesday warned against an explosion of net public debt, which can reach 100% of GDP by 2021 if nothing is done to correct the current trajectory. In addition, the U.S. central bank is now focusing on a GDP increase of less than 3% in the fourth quarter. New measures could be considered if the economic situation deteriorated.

On the currency markets, the euro bends slightly from 0.20% to 1.4307 dollar.

EDF denies

The CAC 40, only Pernod Ricard rises in green: 0.06% to 66.49 euros. But in the SBF 120, Lagardère stands: 2.33% to 27.40 euros.Areva takes him 0.59% to 25.50 euros.

Side drops, banks suffer: -1.66% to 39.21 for SocGen, -1.51% to 10 instant credit report.10 euros and Credit Agricole -1.18% to 42.12 euros for BNP Paribas. European banks resisted, however, a defect in Greece, according to Bernard de Longevialle, head of bank ratings at Standard & Poor's. Note that BNP Paribas bought 25% of Findomestic to the bank Intesa Sanpaolo for 629 million euros and now holds 100%.

EDF (-0.52% to 25.96 euros), which plunged 3% yesterday s "ance, had to deny rumors of leaks in nuclear plants in France. The CGT has nevertheless confirmed that called for an end of a reactor at the plant in Seine-Maritime Paluel due to extraordinary levels of radioactivity. The electrician has admitted it yesterday "an accumulation of small differences" after the publication of an article Mediapart citing incidents in series.

In addition, the dean of French nuclear reactors, the central Fessenheim, would be allowed in the coming days to continue to operate for ten years.

EADS (-0.09% to 21.83 euros). The buyers of the Airbus A400M signed a framework agreement on the development and maintenance of the fleet of the future military transport aircraft. Furthermore, after signing an order for sixteen billion dollars with Indigo, negotiate with Airbus for 200 A320 AirAsia NEO.American Airlines could also favor the European aircraft manufacturer at the expense of its rival Boeing.

Air France-KLM lost 2.06% to 10.21 eruos.

Dassault Systemes (-2.74% to 56.15 euros, the largest decline rating) expects a double-digit increase in sales in the aerospace and defense between 2010 and 2014 thanks to the many innovations offered by these sectors, Reuters said Wednesday its chief executive Bernard Charles said in an interview.

Automobile manufacturers seek to diversify their income and increase customer loyalty.

Peugeot (-0.57% to 29.72 euros) PSA installed production capacity that should allow it to manufacture more than 30,000 hybrid vehicles per year, reports La Tribune. "At Sochaux, we expect a potential of 70 to 80 units per day," says Serge Isler, project 3008 Peugeot hybrid.In addition, PSA has manufactured in Rennes, Brittany, just over 15,000 Peugeot 508 equipped with the same technology, the paper said.

.

iOS 5 and icloud: updates to the iPhone

Serious competition from Google's Android, Apple gave Monday a facelift to the iPhone. Surrounded by a cohort of leaders, CEO Steve Jobs introduced from San Francisco, California, the new version of IOS, the operating system behind the iPhone, iPad, iPod touch. This software, including a 5 iOS draft was made available to developers on Monday, will be available for the iPhone 3G, iPhone 4, iPad iPad 2, and the latest iPod touch here in the fall short term personal loans. Here's what we can learn from this presentation.

Devices iOS archive their data on Wi-Fi and 3G. Photo credits: Kimihiro HOSHINO / AFP

Debt: the bad blood between Obama and Congress

Since mid-May, the United States exploded the ceiling set by Congress of American debt, around 15,000 billion dollars currently. This ceiling has been found in January. It would suffice to go back again to exit the United States from embarrassment: the country can theoretically borrow on the markets when the threshold is exceeded. Which is to say that the U.S. is in a situation of default.

But the maneuvers have pushed until August 2, the bankruptcy of the federal state. The White House and Congress have so until that date to agree. The first press the other to raise the ceiling, but he refuses to press the button until the government has not detailed a program foresaw and specific reductions in public spending. The United States shackle in effect three years of deficit exceeding 10%.It should reach around 1.6 trillion dollars this year.

If the financial world does not doubt the ability of great leaders of the first world power to agree, for the good of the global economy, the timetable is narrowing. And rating agencies do not fail to recall. Thus, after Standard & Poor's in April, Moody's puts a sudden extra pressure on Thursday by threatening to put the debt rating of long-term United States, currently at AAA, on negative watch, implying an actual deterioration in the coming months.

No to raising the ceiling

Yesterday, Wednesday, Barack Obama received dozens of Republican representatives in the White House. These, a majority in their meeting, refused to give the green light to an increase in the federal debt ceiling because of cuts in spending."We need to tackle this debt," said out of the meeting the head of the budget committee in the House, Paul Ryan, author of a draft budget with drastic cuts in funding for the welfare state and criticized by Democratic allies of Barack Obama.

Tuesday night, the House rejected by 318 votes against 97 an increase of 2,400 billion of debt ceiling, a move described as "irresponsible" Democratic side.

ALSO READ:

"A rating agency of the U.S. deficit is moved

Obama tries to convert America to the rigor

"United States: the debt crisis postponed to August 2

"The U.S. debt has reached its statutory limit

Unilever and Kraft share customer data

What common laundry between Skip, LU biscuits, liquid dishwashing Mir and Amora mustard? All these products are now part of the loyalty program "My Life in Colour", which just launched all the French subsidiaries of Unilever, the Anglo-Dutch behemoth of consumer products, and Kraft Foods, the giant of agribusiness.

By bringing together more than 60 brands in food, hygiene and beauty care of the house, the two companies will be able to reach 6 million French households. The issue is crucial for the industry. First, build powerful databases to improve knowledge of their end customers and do well against those distributors who have millions of contacts.On the other, consumers have with a direct and regular contact by mail and Internet-based information and discount coupons.

Loyalty programs launched in the 1990s lost momentum. Two years ago, Unilever took stock of its "To tell you the truth," launched in 1997 around thirty marks. The finding was unequivocal: it is increasingly difficult to emerge from the multitude of programs created by marks or competing groups as "Want more" Procter & Gamble, "Croquons life" Nestle or "Danone and you. " The attractiveness of "To tell you the truth," launched on the basis of a consumer magazine and enriched with a website in 2001, languished."Traffic growth was not enough, it lacked power," says Anne-Gabrielle Dangu, media and CRM Director of Unilever France.

In late 2009, the food group made the radical choice to sell his program to Publicis Groupe, responsible for finding other brands to strengthen it. However, Kraft Foods, which launched the program "suggestion box" for its LU biscuits bought from Danone in 2007, was seeking to launch a multi-brand. Publicis suggested the two groups together to create a common agenda. The pooling of their databases should reduce their costs while gaining attractiveness.

Nestle and Procter & Gamble align their data

The merger of Unilever and Kraft in the field of relationship marketing is a trend that is expected.Nestle and Procter & Gamble have already pooled their databases to send their respective print magazines in 3 million households. Each maintains its program for now, but both groups should soon announce a strengthening of their cooperation.

Will they go up to launch a single program? "You have to purchase a plate large enough to sustain a multi-program," said Viola Degas, CEO of OgilvyOne. The only approach to food no longer seems sufficient to capture the attention of consumers, already watered copiously on the Internet for revenue and cooking tips offered by sites like Marmiton.

Debt: Europe adopts an anti-crisis

Portugal is in deepening crisis. A few hours apart, rating agencies Fitch and Standard & Poor's (S & P) lowered the rating of the sovereign debt of Portugal two notches because of "heightened political uncertainty" following the resignation of Prime Minister Jose Socrates. S & P added that it could cut another notch note of Portugal, according to the result of discussions between EU leaders, meeting Thursday and Friday summit in Brussels.

Thus, Europe has the means to fly to the rescue of Lisbon. Leaders Unuion (EU) have in effect endorsed on the night of Thursday to Friday a comprehensive system of protection against debt crises. After several months of negotiations, "the various elements of the project came together today," said EU president, Herman Van Rompuy.As expected, the actual capacity of the Fund's lending support to countries in the Eurozone in trouble is brought from 250 to 440 billion euros. States had already agreed on the creation of a permanent fund with a lending capacity of 500 billion euros. To achieve this, it is expected that the euro zone countries pay from mid-2013 some 80 billion euro capital injection.

Merkel gets concessions

Also, German Chancellor Angela Merkel has made Thursday night in Brussels spreading in time of national contributions of 22 billion euros in total, for the year 2013 will be her year of election and intends to relieve public finances. States pay their dues in five equal installments beginning in 2013. The remaining resources of the Facility will consist of guarantees and capital said to be eligible.Also new: the Relief Fund will directly purchase government debt states in difficulty, in exchange for a strict savings. The support mechanism is a priority for the countries of the monetary union. But it is also open to EU countries not members of the area euro.A this stage, only five of them accepted the invitation: Denmark, Romania, Latvia, Bulgaria, Lithuania and Romania.

Twenty-seven and are particularly supportive screw via Lisbon "Portugal will not be left alone by other Europeans," said Jean-Claude Juncker, a leading finance ministers of the euro area. If Lisbon on request, with 75 billion euros could be assigned. For comparison, Greece had received a loan of 110 billion and Ireland to 85 billion euros.But for now, Portugal, deprived of government, is unable to seek help from Europe.

ALSO READ:

"Euro area: 700 billion for the permanent aid fund

"Euro area: Madrid hopes to escape the contagion

"Europe is pushing for the rescue of Portugal

A collection of clothing scratched Nelson Mandela

The symbol becomes a claw. Nelson Mandela Foundation, which obviously would not work without the anointing of the former South African president, will launch in August, a clothing line, 46664 Apparel Line. The name of the collection is inspired by the number of prisoners (466) worn by Nelson Mandela in 1964 at the prison on Robben Island, located off Cape Town, South Africa. The hero of the struggle against apartheid has spent 27 years in prison before becoming the first president in 1994.

"46664" will appear soon be on a range of clothing for men and women in bright colors rather comfortable but which will be marketed this summer in South Africa before setting off to conquer Great Britain and the United States, probably the next year. The idea of ​​using this symbol is not recent.It was first used in London, during a concert to raise funds for the fight against AIDS.

By engaging in fashion, Nelson Mandela is a double hit: first, it raises money for his charitable works and secondly it contributes to the economic revival of the textile industry of South African problems. Already singer Bono of "U2" has taken this path by creating its range, called "Edun", intended also to provide work for African workshops fast payday loan no faxing.

Agreement with the largest garment manufacturer in South Africa

Mandela has been even greater since the agreement was negotiated with the group Seardel, the largest garment manufacturer in the country which the designers have designed the first collections.But many South Africans, however, will not afford to buy clothes "46664": about $ 26 for a t-shirt, $ 86 for a polo. For the record, Reuters said that the minimum wage of a farm worker is less than 200 dollars and a quarter of the workforce has no job …

No portrait of Mandela on clothing

Besides direct sales, the clothes will also be available via the Internet. The money raised will fund development projects in Ghana, Tanzania and Mozambique. The Nelson Mandela Foundation will receive his tithes, between 7% and 9% of turnover and a premium of about $ 143,000. No portrait of Mandela appear on clothing. His lawyers remain particularly vigilant on this point, and threaten to take him to court those who would use the famous number "46664" without informing the foundation.