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The uncertainty weighs on the Paris Stock Exchange

Caution prevails at the Paris Stock Exchange on Thursday. After starting this crucial day for Europe in the green, the CAC 40 lost 0.88% to 3721.38 points in mid-day. The London Stock Exchange was down 0.80% to 5807 points and the DAX index of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange loose 0.87% to 7158 points.

As with other global exchanges, all operators will have the eye to Brussels where to begin 1:01 p.m. at the extraordinary summit of the leaders of the euro area. They have an obligation to find a solution on a new plan of aid to Greece if they want to prevent contagion from the debt crisis. Angela Merkel and Nicolas Sarkozy on Wednesday reached a common position on the new financial rescue plan and a private sector participation.The content of the agreement between the German Chancellor and French President was not specified but to do so, it took seven hours of talks "very tight" in Berlin, according to members of the French delegation. The two leaders called on mid-term president of the European Central Bank, Jean-Claude Trichet, to join them in Frankfurt, suggesting that the compromise has its support. José Manuel Barroso, President of the European Commission launched Wednesday a warning more serious than usual to the leaders of the euro area.

But doubt was again set on Thursday after the statements of leading finance ministers of the euro area, Jean-Claude Juncker, who did not rule out a possible default of Greece.Jean-ClaudeJuncker also considered that an agreement on a tax on European banks to help finance a new aid program in Athens would be difficult. "I do not think there will be an agreement," he said.

Obama confident

On the foreign exchange market, the euro declined sharply against the dollar. Around 11:30 in Paris, the single European currency was worth 1.4147 dollars against 1.4212 dollars late Wednesday. Oil prices were up, however, supported by market expectations of seeing the debt crises lead to solutions.A barrel of "light sweet crude" for delivery in August took 28 cents to 98.68 dollars and that of Brent North Sea crude for September delivery took nine cents to 118.24 dollars.

United States, President Barack Obama received Wednesday several leaders of Congress and the White House has once again expressed confidence in a political solution to the crisis of debt before August 2, to avoid a default. "I expect us to find a solution," the president said in an interview with local TV KMBC Kansas City, renewing his call for compromises from both sides, whether its Democratic allies or his Republican opponents.

Rafale indicators

In addition to the meeting, the markets should observe the indicators that will be published on both sides of the Atlantic.In France, the composite PMI, which includes industry and services, is version 52.8 "flash" from 54.9 in June. "The financial crisis of 2008/2009 aside, the latest survey data suggest lower growth in overall activity since the third Gulf War in 2003," said Jack Kennedy, economist at Markit.

Activity in the private service also slowed against all odds in Germany in July to its lowest in two years, according to preliminary results of the survey Markit. The composite PMI stood at 52.2 in both "flash" against 57.3 in June.

United States, the day will begin with the weekly jobless claims. It will be followed index of home prices in the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), the index of manufacturing activity Philadeplhie Fed, then the index of leading indicators.

China's manufacturing activity shrank in July for the first time last year, registering its largest decline in 28 months, according to preliminary PMI HSBC published this morning. PMI Purchasing Managers calculated fell to 48.9 against 50.1 in June, the lowest level for this indicator since March 2009. This new atmosphere was sealed on the Asian markets.

Values ​​to follow

Banking

Banks eagerly awaiting the end of the EU summit. Their participation in the rescue of Greece is at the heart of the debates. Moreover, the institutions of the European Union will face fines of up to 10% of their net banking if they do not meet new international requirements for capital and liquidity, said Michel Barnier.

After opening in the green, the area was about-face in the middle of martinée. A mid-term securities of large establishments accuse all of declines. Societe Generale (-1.22% to 35.56 euros), Credit Agricole (-0.67% to 8.85 euros), Natixis (-1.10% to 3.16 euros), and BNP Paribas (-3, 01% to 47.33 euros) are among the largest declines the CAC

EADS: 0.24% to 24.90 euros

Airbus is ready to look "seriously" the increase in the production of single-aisle A320 to carry it beyond the already record a goal, but has not so far committed to this, its president said Wednesday Excecutive.

Eutelsat: 1.20% to 31.16 euros

The Strategic Investment Fund (ISF) on Monday rejected a proposed takeover of Eutelsat joint push by the Spanish Abertis, reported Thursday the newspaper Les Echos.

The benefits of Publicis climb

Plastic Omnium: 6.12% to 24.97 euros

The Group expects a net profit in 2011 "strong growth" after a rise of 26% in the first half to 91.4 million.

Publicis: -2.85% to 36.75 euros

In the first half, the Group generated revenue of 2.7 billion euros in organic growth of 7.1%, exceeding the expectations of analysts whose estimates ranged from 6.2% to 6.5%.

Remy Cointreau: 4.73% to 60.95 euros

The group reported a turnover of 198.6 million euros in the first quarter organic growth of 22.5%.

Unibail-Rodamco: 0.26% to 143.88 euros

The group said it had signed for 1.1 billion euros of asset sales in the first half and accelerated its development plans after reporting an earnings growth supported by its recurring rental income.

Ubisoft: 3.83% to 6.15 euros

The group announced that its sales better than expected first quarter gross margin should support a few days after being heavily penalized by the stock market concerns about future profitability.

Mersen: 3.43% to 40.10 euros

The group released a turnover up 17% in the second quarter, supported by sales in solar activity, which is the group to provide a statement of objectives for the entire year.

APRR: 0.11% to 46.90 euros

The group announced it had recorded a traffic decrease of 0.8% in the second quarter 2011, impacted by the decline in light vehicle traffic.

Cegid: 1.91% to 20.49 euros

The group reported a 32% decline in net profit in the first six months of the year to 4.8 million, despite a 5% increase in sales. The publisher of management software specialist said that last year, accounts for the first half was boosted by a reversal of provision for risk.

The CAC 40 is depressed before the European meeting

The Paris market continues to fall on Thursday, a reflection of what has been observed in Asian markets this morning and the decline in U.S. indices yesterday. Wednesday evening, the Cac 40 lost 0.15% and ended at 3871.37 points in a very dynamic market, with over 7.1 billion traded on the benchmark index of the Paris Bourse. And on Thursday, the index still declined from 0.49% to 3852.48 points.

At the time of opening, the composite PMI, which includes industry and services, has returned to version 55.4 "flash" against 60.3 in May, reaching its lowest level since October. The growth of private sector activity in France has slowed more than expected in June.

European side, European leaders find themselves on Thursday night in Brussels at a summit to try to reassure their ability to stem the endless debt crisis in Greece and prevent contagion throughout the euro area, which worries more and more abroad. Other items on the agenda: the confirmation of the appointment in November of the Italian Mario Draghi as President of the ECB to replace Jean-Claude Trichet.

The publication of the memo on the economy of France, to be released at 22 o'clock tonight, will be watching. In addition, the G20 agricultural ends today. In addition, Christine Lagarde, a candidate for the general direction of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), spends his oral exam today in Washington.The maintenance of his rival, Mexico's Agustin Carstens, was held Tuesday.

United States, a report by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) on Wednesday warned against an explosion of net public debt, which can reach 100% of GDP by 2021 if nothing is done to correct the current trajectory. In addition, the U.S. central bank is now focusing on a GDP increase of less than 3% in the fourth quarter. New measures could be considered if the economic situation deteriorated.

On the currency markets, the euro bends slightly from 0.20% to 1.4307 dollar.

EDF denies

The CAC 40, only Pernod Ricard rises in green: 0.06% to 66.49 euros. But in the SBF 120, Lagardère stands: 2.33% to 27.40 euros.Areva takes him 0.59% to 25.50 euros.

Side drops, banks suffer: -1.66% to 39.21 for SocGen, -1.51% to 10 instant credit report.10 euros and Credit Agricole -1.18% to 42.12 euros for BNP Paribas. European banks resisted, however, a defect in Greece, according to Bernard de Longevialle, head of bank ratings at Standard & Poor's. Note that BNP Paribas bought 25% of Findomestic to the bank Intesa Sanpaolo for 629 million euros and now holds 100%.

EDF (-0.52% to 25.96 euros), which plunged 3% yesterday s "ance, had to deny rumors of leaks in nuclear plants in France. The CGT has nevertheless confirmed that called for an end of a reactor at the plant in Seine-Maritime Paluel due to extraordinary levels of radioactivity. The electrician has admitted it yesterday "an accumulation of small differences" after the publication of an article Mediapart citing incidents in series.

In addition, the dean of French nuclear reactors, the central Fessenheim, would be allowed in the coming days to continue to operate for ten years.

EADS (-0.09% to 21.83 euros). The buyers of the Airbus A400M signed a framework agreement on the development and maintenance of the fleet of the future military transport aircraft. Furthermore, after signing an order for sixteen billion dollars with Indigo, negotiate with Airbus for 200 A320 AirAsia NEO.American Airlines could also favor the European aircraft manufacturer at the expense of its rival Boeing.

Air France-KLM lost 2.06% to 10.21 eruos.

Dassault Systemes (-2.74% to 56.15 euros, the largest decline rating) expects a double-digit increase in sales in the aerospace and defense between 2010 and 2014 thanks to the many innovations offered by these sectors, Reuters said Wednesday its chief executive Bernard Charles said in an interview.

Automobile manufacturers seek to diversify their income and increase customer loyalty.

Peugeot (-0.57% to 29.72 euros) PSA installed production capacity that should allow it to manufacture more than 30,000 hybrid vehicles per year, reports La Tribune. "At Sochaux, we expect a potential of 70 to 80 units per day," says Serge Isler, project 3008 Peugeot hybrid.In addition, PSA has manufactured in Rennes, Brittany, just over 15,000 Peugeot 508 equipped with the same technology, the paper said.

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iOS 5 and icloud: updates to the iPhone

Serious competition from Google's Android, Apple gave Monday a facelift to the iPhone. Surrounded by a cohort of leaders, CEO Steve Jobs introduced from San Francisco, California, the new version of IOS, the operating system behind the iPhone, iPad, iPod touch. This software, including a 5 iOS draft was made available to developers on Monday, will be available for the iPhone 3G, iPhone 4, iPad iPad 2, and the latest iPod touch here in the fall short term personal loans. Here's what we can learn from this presentation.

Devices iOS archive their data on Wi-Fi and 3G. Photo credits: Kimihiro HOSHINO / AFP

Debt: the bad blood between Obama and Congress

Since mid-May, the United States exploded the ceiling set by Congress of American debt, around 15,000 billion dollars currently. This ceiling has been found in January. It would suffice to go back again to exit the United States from embarrassment: the country can theoretically borrow on the markets when the threshold is exceeded. Which is to say that the U.S. is in a situation of default.

But the maneuvers have pushed until August 2, the bankruptcy of the federal state. The White House and Congress have so until that date to agree. The first press the other to raise the ceiling, but he refuses to press the button until the government has not detailed a program foresaw and specific reductions in public spending. The United States shackle in effect three years of deficit exceeding 10%.It should reach around 1.6 trillion dollars this year.

If the financial world does not doubt the ability of great leaders of the first world power to agree, for the good of the global economy, the timetable is narrowing. And rating agencies do not fail to recall. Thus, after Standard & Poor's in April, Moody's puts a sudden extra pressure on Thursday by threatening to put the debt rating of long-term United States, currently at AAA, on negative watch, implying an actual deterioration in the coming months.

No to raising the ceiling

Yesterday, Wednesday, Barack Obama received dozens of Republican representatives in the White House. These, a majority in their meeting, refused to give the green light to an increase in the federal debt ceiling because of cuts in spending."We need to tackle this debt," said out of the meeting the head of the budget committee in the House, Paul Ryan, author of a draft budget with drastic cuts in funding for the welfare state and criticized by Democratic allies of Barack Obama.

Tuesday night, the House rejected by 318 votes against 97 an increase of 2,400 billion of debt ceiling, a move described as "irresponsible" Democratic side.

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Unilever and Kraft share customer data

What common laundry between Skip, LU biscuits, liquid dishwashing Mir and Amora mustard? All these products are now part of the loyalty program "My Life in Colour", which just launched all the French subsidiaries of Unilever, the Anglo-Dutch behemoth of consumer products, and Kraft Foods, the giant of agribusiness.

By bringing together more than 60 brands in food, hygiene and beauty care of the house, the two companies will be able to reach 6 million French households. The issue is crucial for the industry. First, build powerful databases to improve knowledge of their end customers and do well against those distributors who have millions of contacts.On the other, consumers have with a direct and regular contact by mail and Internet-based information and discount coupons.

Loyalty programs launched in the 1990s lost momentum. Two years ago, Unilever took stock of its "To tell you the truth," launched in 1997 around thirty marks. The finding was unequivocal: it is increasingly difficult to emerge from the multitude of programs created by marks or competing groups as "Want more" Procter & Gamble, "Croquons life" Nestle or "Danone and you. " The attractiveness of "To tell you the truth," launched on the basis of a consumer magazine and enriched with a website in 2001, languished."Traffic growth was not enough, it lacked power," says Anne-Gabrielle Dangu, media and CRM Director of Unilever France.

In late 2009, the food group made the radical choice to sell his program to Publicis Groupe, responsible for finding other brands to strengthen it. However, Kraft Foods, which launched the program "suggestion box" for its LU biscuits bought from Danone in 2007, was seeking to launch a multi-brand. Publicis suggested the two groups together to create a common agenda. The pooling of their databases should reduce their costs while gaining attractiveness.

Nestle and Procter & Gamble align their data

The merger of Unilever and Kraft in the field of relationship marketing is a trend that is expected.Nestle and Procter & Gamble have already pooled their databases to send their respective print magazines in 3 million households. Each maintains its program for now, but both groups should soon announce a strengthening of their cooperation.

Will they go up to launch a single program? "You have to purchase a plate large enough to sustain a multi-program," said Viola Degas, CEO of OgilvyOne. The only approach to food no longer seems sufficient to capture the attention of consumers, already watered copiously on the Internet for revenue and cooking tips offered by sites like Marmiton.

Debt: Europe adopts an anti-crisis

Portugal is in deepening crisis. A few hours apart, rating agencies Fitch and Standard & Poor's (S & P) lowered the rating of the sovereign debt of Portugal two notches because of "heightened political uncertainty" following the resignation of Prime Minister Jose Socrates. S & P added that it could cut another notch note of Portugal, according to the result of discussions between EU leaders, meeting Thursday and Friday summit in Brussels.

Thus, Europe has the means to fly to the rescue of Lisbon. Leaders Unuion (EU) have in effect endorsed on the night of Thursday to Friday a comprehensive system of protection against debt crises. After several months of negotiations, "the various elements of the project came together today," said EU president, Herman Van Rompuy.As expected, the actual capacity of the Fund's lending support to countries in the Eurozone in trouble is brought from 250 to 440 billion euros. States had already agreed on the creation of a permanent fund with a lending capacity of 500 billion euros. To achieve this, it is expected that the euro zone countries pay from mid-2013 some 80 billion euro capital injection.

Merkel gets concessions

Also, German Chancellor Angela Merkel has made Thursday night in Brussels spreading in time of national contributions of 22 billion euros in total, for the year 2013 will be her year of election and intends to relieve public finances. States pay their dues in five equal installments beginning in 2013. The remaining resources of the Facility will consist of guarantees and capital said to be eligible.Also new: the Relief Fund will directly purchase government debt states in difficulty, in exchange for a strict savings. The support mechanism is a priority for the countries of the monetary union. But it is also open to EU countries not members of the area euro.A this stage, only five of them accepted the invitation: Denmark, Romania, Latvia, Bulgaria, Lithuania and Romania.

Twenty-seven and are particularly supportive screw via Lisbon "Portugal will not be left alone by other Europeans," said Jean-Claude Juncker, a leading finance ministers of the euro area. If Lisbon on request, with 75 billion euros could be assigned. For comparison, Greece had received a loan of 110 billion and Ireland to 85 billion euros.But for now, Portugal, deprived of government, is unable to seek help from Europe.

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A collection of clothing scratched Nelson Mandela

The symbol becomes a claw. Nelson Mandela Foundation, which obviously would not work without the anointing of the former South African president, will launch in August, a clothing line, 46664 Apparel Line. The name of the collection is inspired by the number of prisoners (466) worn by Nelson Mandela in 1964 at the prison on Robben Island, located off Cape Town, South Africa. The hero of the struggle against apartheid has spent 27 years in prison before becoming the first president in 1994.

"46664" will appear soon be on a range of clothing for men and women in bright colors rather comfortable but which will be marketed this summer in South Africa before setting off to conquer Great Britain and the United States, probably the next year. The idea of ​​using this symbol is not recent.It was first used in London, during a concert to raise funds for the fight against AIDS.

By engaging in fashion, Nelson Mandela is a double hit: first, it raises money for his charitable works and secondly it contributes to the economic revival of the textile industry of South African problems. Already singer Bono of "U2" has taken this path by creating its range, called "Edun", intended also to provide work for African workshops fast payday loan no faxing.

Agreement with the largest garment manufacturer in South Africa

Mandela has been even greater since the agreement was negotiated with the group Seardel, the largest garment manufacturer in the country which the designers have designed the first collections.But many South Africans, however, will not afford to buy clothes "46664": about $ 26 for a t-shirt, $ 86 for a polo. For the record, Reuters said that the minimum wage of a farm worker is less than 200 dollars and a quarter of the workforce has no job …

No portrait of Mandela on clothing

Besides direct sales, the clothes will also be available via the Internet. The money raised will fund development projects in Ghana, Tanzania and Mozambique. The Nelson Mandela Foundation will receive his tithes, between 7% and 9% of turnover and a premium of about $ 143,000. No portrait of Mandela appear on clothing. His lawyers remain particularly vigilant on this point, and threaten to take him to court those who would use the famous number "46664" without informing the foundation.

Balthazard Michel: "I want to recognize my innocence Renault"

LE FIGARO. – How did you get into this business?

Michel BALTHAZARD. – It hit me on January 3 at 8:00 am. My supervisor, who was Odile Desforges, had convened a meeting under the pretext of talking about a problem. I came from vacation with my family. Soon, Jean-Yves Coudriou, the executive director of the Renault executive who took his place. He said: "Michael, we t'accusons corruption by organized involving the interests of Renault and possibly the benefit of a foreign power." He added: "You must tell us why you did it." I told him I did not understand what he told me. I asked him the items. He refused to give me. After 10 minutes, I told myself: "You've fallen into something unimaginable."He served my notice for interview prior to possible dismissal on January 11 with the letter that goes. It stopped there. At 8:30 it was over.

What happened next?

Two members of the security escorted me to my car. At 9:30 am, access to my two laptops and the Intranet was cut. I just had time to call my wife. The next morning, I called Jean-Yves Coudriou and I reminded him that I had not done anything, never committed any crime, the slightest mistake vis-à-vis Renault. I am a stranger to this whole thing, do not resign and Renault's interest to conduct a serious investigation, 'I said.

How did your interview prior to dismissal, the 11?

Jean-Louis Coudriou read me the letter of dismissal.I asked two questions: what evidence you have on the money that I received from abroad? What builds your belief that I gave information in exchange? He said he does not tell me anything and he would give all the elements to justice. I came out, it lasted 20 minutes. Through the front door, which surprised many Renault. Since then, the group does not send me any information. I discovered all by the press.

How did you experience the following weeks?

It was horrible. I spent a month dispirited, sounded like a boxer who took a knock on the head. I spent days sitting in a chair thinking: what happens? What will become of me? I am nothing. It's awful. I could not do anything. I forgot my keys on the same door out to buy bread.I got into a big void. Did not call nobody or almost. And when the phone rang, I jumped.

Have you been questioned by police since the beginning of the case?

Yes, twice, 8 and 17 February, by the police to confirm the complaint that my lawyers had filed for false accusation after the anonymous letter. This letter is pathetic, there's nothing inside. For me it's a filthy garbage which I do not know the source. I have only one certainty: This letter was posted by someone at Renault. When I think it is from this that some have found it in three months dessoi-called offshore accounts and a whole complicated financial circuit. It's very hard …

But you have heard from the DCRI investigating the suspicions against you?

No, nothing. No one came or called me to ask me any questions.Yet every morning, I was expecting a raid at my home by the Central Directorate of Internal Intelligence. With my wife, we had prepared all my bank records. I did not see it coming and stayed as paralyzed. Apart from my family and friends, I have not told anyone.

You do not even try to join your former colleague Bertrand Rochette, also in turmoil?

If during the first two days of the case, I called Bertrand after discovering that he was also accused. I asked him what had happened. He replied that he too could not understand what was happening by adding "I do not resign …." Then, by tacit agreement, we made the decision not to call us.Only last Friday, when reading the words of Patrick Pelata in Le Figaro, that I contacted him because Renault's position has changed and history is now unraveling. Finally, we begin to see the end of the tunnel and the truth will finally burst …

That is to say?

For me it is incomprehensible. Initially, plumb in front of Renault, I expected that I was so doctored evidence to me that one waving a fake file or fake bank accounts as the Clearstream affair. But ultimately, I think we're dealing with a fraud much less complex than that, a rather rough handling.

You want to reinstate the company?

I measured with this case, the total lack of confidence in the general direction towards me.And to think that I can work again in this framework, with people who claimed the convictions as what I was guilty I simply unimaginable. No going back to work at Renault. It's a tear. I love this club and I still love it. Every morning I went to work with pleasure. I had teams that I like. I must make up my mind all that. It's very hard. Today with my wife, one wonders about the meaning and balance in our lives.

Will you seek redress?

Of course! I was still dirty and thrown to the lions in front of the world. Naturally, I will ask for financial compensation to the height of the terrible harm that I caused. As a member of the steering committee and director of projects "upstream", I was paid about 300,000 euros per year, including bonuses.I still had five years to the company, the top five in terms of wages. I would work but surely I shall never find the same type of salary and responsibility. I lost my honor and part of my physical resources. And I can tell you that after 33 years of career, I left Renault with 389.51 euros for final settlement.

You suspect you are rich, what is your lifestyle?

I am an engineer and I have no particular lifestyle. Like every year, I went to Tignes at Christmas to family skiing with my children in a rental that cost me 2800 euros. I spent my vacation last summer in my country house, bought twelve years ago, near Lyons-la-Forêt in Eure. And then in May 2010, I went with my wife to do the Tour de Corse motorcycle, with my old BMW. It is true that the night we slept at the hotel. Finally here.What do you want me to tell you …

Would you like Carlos Ghosn all responsibilities?

Senior management must take responsibility, but I want to say that Renault is a company I love and I do not want to destabilize. I have no desire for revenge. I do not want to fall head. For the parallelism of forms, I expect Carlos Ghosn returned to log 20 hours to announce that he was wrong. I also expressed that the prosecutor on the radio as he did when he received the complaint.

If your innocence is proven, will you file a complaint against Renault's your turn?

It would not be responsible, as a former officer to go to court. I will do nothing to put the company at risk. I am confident that Carlos Ghosn, Patrick Pelata to meet their responsibilities.My goal is that my innocence is acknowledged publicly and officially. Overnight, I was kicked out, thrown into this lamentable affair without anyone at the branch, has had the courage to say anything in front. And that, I do not admit it. On 18 January, I put my business in Technocentre and I found myself outside. I crossed one. It was 10 o'clock in the morning. It was 33 years old who stopped. I will not come here anymore I tell myself, except the day I speak with Patrick Pelata and Carlos Ghosn. Eye to eye.

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Itching of Warren Buffett

"Our elephant gun is reloaded, and I relax that itches." At 80, the multi-billionaire Warren Buffett, good shot of global finance if any, is more than ever ready to draw in search good investments. His company, Berkshire Hathaway, an empire of eighty subsidiaries, diversified energy, clothing, jewelry, business aviation and stakes in big companies like Coca-Cola, just to garner 12 , $ 97 billion profit, up 61%, "he wrote in his annual letter to shareholders.

The hunter investment should reap even more cash by the end of the year to make new purchases. At the height of the financial crisis, Warren Buffett purchased preferred shares of GE and Goldman Sachs, for small sums respectively 3 billion and 5 billion dollars.In exchange, the two companies paid dividends to their savior by 10%. GE and Goldman have planned to buy back its investment in the coming months, which bodes well for the thirsty acquisitions inflow of new money counted in billions of dollars. Businessman offers its shareholders to be "healthy" and does not intend to retire. Better, he exhorts his countrymen to be optimistic.

The latest U.S. macroeconomic indicators are disappointing? "Tomorrow is always uncertain," relativized the old veteran. Encourages risk-taking, but with common sense. The 2008 crisis showed, he recalls, the risks of investing with borrowed money. Practice "addictive," he complains. In good family man, Warren Buffett still retains its investment fund for a small envelope of cash in unforeseen circumstances or good opportunities.End of 2010, this reserve of cartridges weighing 38 billion. What relieve itching Warren shooter.

Scholarships: NYSE Euronext and Deutsche Boerse want to become world leader

Deutsche Boerse and NYSE Euronext are in "advanced negotiations" for a merger. Both companies have warned in a statement that the outcome of the discussions was still open. Together they form the first stock exchange in the world, before the Hong Kong.

The new group would have a dual headquarters in Frankfurt and New York, and the merger would release 300 million annual savings, they said. Shareholders of Deutsche Boerse would be the majority, with 59% to 60% of the shares.Reto Francioni, head of Deutsche Börse, would be non-executive chairman, while Duncan Niederauer would be the operational head or at the same place as at NYSE Euronext.

Nicolas Rolland, a trader at Societe Generale, said that for Scholarships, "reach a sufficient size is a strategic aim of achieving economies of scale classics, but mainly to develop new services, facilitated by large volumes. This moves the harsh price competition, downward, to the service, more diverse and cash. "

A return to "normal"

In 2007, when NYSE and Euronext merged, traders were disappointed that they wanted to merge with Euronext Deutsche Boerse."If the two merged entities, the operators would take it as a return to normal," said Djillali Hacid, analyst XTB France.

This merger, there are more than three years, had inspired a Directive at European level in order to end the monopolies of the major exchanges. Since then, competition has set in, and NYSE Euronext has lost market share. "For NYSE Euronext, such a merger is justified by the desire to regain strength," says the expert.

Indeed, the platform Chi-X Europe, born after the EU directive, in 2010 became the second exchange in Europe behind the London Stock Exchange and NYSE Euronext relegating to third place. And in recent weeks, the big U.S. platform Bats Global Markets seeks to acquire Chi-X.Both parties are in exclusive negotiations and an announcement is expected later in the month of February.

In exchange, Deutsche Boerse gained 1.7% to 58.42 euros just before the trading halt that occurred on Wednesday afternoon, while NYSE Euronext clinching 11.66% at the Paris Bourse. About 18 hours, the NYSE Euronext shares have resumed trading at Nex6york: it fly off

"Historically, mergers do not create value for shareholders," warns Derek Lawless, director of France Worldspreads. "The example of marriage between Alcatel and Lucent is the most blatant. Must observe a high degree of distrust. In a difficult environment we seek opportunities to reduce costs, and sought a merger with a partner.Historically this kind of operation comes almost too late, "he said again.

The London Stock Exchange offers itself as Toronto

These discussions have no connection with the announcement that took place that day on the very next purchase of the Toronto Stock Exchange TMX by the London Stock Exchange. A transaction that will create the fourth World Stock Exchange, with 4100 billion shares traded per year.

Their merger will create the first global platform for trading companies specializing in natural resource extraction and energy production. Both exchanges intend to capitalize on the craze for global commodities.

The new entity will become world also tops the list of global equity groups by the number of listed companies.In terms of market value, the combined group, which has not yet given name, would rank seventh, with a value of about $ 7 billion.

Toronto and London are already places of choice for producers of raw materials, and joining forces, they hope to attract even more companies in this sector, explained their leaders, the American and French Tom Kloet Xavier Rollet, who will become president and CEO of the new group. They count and enjoy the fact that many mining companies, including Russia and Asia, seeking to go public to finance expansion of their activities, struggling to follow the explosive growth in demand for raw materials in emerging countries.

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