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Brussels denies the existence of a contingency plan in case of exit of Greece

From our correspondent in Brussels

Between doves and hawks her, Euroland barely keep a cool head on Greece. In a sentence, the European Commissioner Karel De Gucht has upset all the Friday speech intended to persuade Greek voters to make sacrifices if he wants to keep the euro.

"The ECB and the European Commission (…) study of emergency scenarios if Greece does not recover," dropped Karel De Gucht Belgian daily De Standaard. It was enough that a news agency transforms the event into "emergency plan" to exit the euro as markets become inflamed Friday.

Brussels later denied, against all probability, the very existence of the crisis scenario, whereas it is the role of staffs to anticipate. The ECB itself does not exclude it. Known for his outspokenness, Commissioner De Gucht is not the first to trip in the contradiction of speech.

The weekend is its chief Jose Manuel Barroso, who set fire to the powder by saying that "better" than Greece leaves the euro if it refuses to play the game President Committee had to make amends, just before reaching Washington, ensuring that Athens "is part of the family." Monday, it was the turn of Maria Fekter, Austrian Minister of Finance, a slap on the wrist because she wanted to leave Greece to the euro and the EU, even then readmit him.

To impress the Greeks, the European discourse can not ignore the scenario of rupture. The problem is that whenever the "bogeymen" open their mouths, they also wake up the specter of a breakup of the euro markets.

Profitable strategy

In Greece, the radical left Syriza, credited with 20% of votes in the polls, seen in the parliamentary elections of 17 June a referendum for or against the austerity, the euro should remain in the table. Europe, tired of paying to no avail, distills a message more complicated: June 17 it will be a referendum for or against the common currency, knowing that the rejection of the euro would lead to bankruptcy even more expensive for the Greeks.

The approach – now responsible Greek, European solidarity later – was agreed in Athens with the two traditional parties, the conservative New Democracy and PASOK socialist, says one in Brussels.

Without interfering officially, Europe wants to make clear to the Greeks that they can not pull the cake and eat it too. In return, Europeans are showing their commitment and offer a promise of better times. These days, were so bent on the exercise for Jean-Claude Juncker of Eurogroup, Mario Draghi for the ECB and Francois Hollande and Angela Merkel in Berlin: "Greece must remain in the euro."

Despite these boondoggles, the strategy can pay off. The conservative New Democracy (ND) replicate the advantage over their rivals Syriza recent days, according to surveys, in Athens opening the prospect of a majority in favor of austerity. Karel De Gucht said himself: the endgame has begun and the question "is whether everyone can keep his cool" to the end.

Trichet's plan to save the euro

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To avoid the breakup of the euro, the former ECB President Jean-Claude Trichet claims to have a plan: put the financially troubled countries under the tutelage of Brussels, if it is unable to implement policies budget approved by the EU. It would operate a federal mechanism "outstanding", when fiscal policy of a Member State slips to threaten monetary union.

"Federalism exception seems not only necessary to ensure a strong economic and monetary union, but it could also adapt to the true nature of Europe in the long run," said the former president of the ECB to Peterson Institute in Washington. The idea is not new. It was proposed by German finance minister, Wolfgang Schäuble, who wanted to entrust the finances of Greece to a "supercommissaire". Interference rejected by Athens as deemed "undemocratic".

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Ministerial salaries reduced: UMP denounced a sham

"If I am elected, I do not gèlerai, but I stoop down the salary of the president and ministers of 30%." By November 2011, Francois Hollande had made the campaign promise very symbolic, while Nicolas Sarkozy marked the spirits in increase of 172% net salary (of 7,084 to 19,331 euros) on arrival at the Elysee. Presented at the first cabinet meeting on Thursday by the new prime minister, Jean-Marc Ayrault, the measure was formally adopted, confirmed by several cabinet members. Accordingly, the president and ministers will have their wages fall by 30%. "This is exemplary," explained Jean-Marc Ayrault Wednesday on France 2. This measure will be a decree. But this law, which will not be adopted before June and the election of the National Assembly, "will be retroactive," said the spokesman of the government, Najat Belkacem-Vallaud. It is therefore effective "as of May 15" date of the nomination of Francis Holland as president.

The gross monthly salary of Ministers will therefore decrease of 14,200 euros per month, to 9,940 euros. That of the Prime Minister will also be trimmed from 21,300 euros to 14,910 euros gross. Like, finally, the compensation of the President of the Republic which is equivalent to the Prime Minister. With a plane that has a surprising consequence. Ex-Ministers continue to earn more than their successors for another six months. Indeed, each team member Francois Fillon retain his salary during this period. A privilege granted to all former ministers, who lose their theory, however, other benefits.

In the camp of the UMP, the reactions to this first measure of government have not kept waiting. Jean-Francois Cope, the party's general secretary, described the pay cut of "deception" on Twitter.

I denounce the imposture, the clannishness and demagoguery are the appointment of the first steps of @ fhollande ump.org / news / esp

. – Jean-Francois Cope (@ jf_cope) May 17, 2012

It explains, in a statement, the government has Ayrault "14 members of more" than the first Fillon government. "We go from 15 ministers, four secretaries of state and a High Commissioner to 34 ministers and deputy ministers, an increase of 65%. Wage cuts of 30% can not hide this fact: the government of Francois Hollande will be far more costly to the taxpayer. "

Largest decline in Europe

If they come later than in other European countries, this decline in compensation of government is by far the strongest. One of the first to take this measure, as he tried to impose on his country a vast austerity plan, was the Irish Prime Minister Brian Cowen. From 2009, he had reduced his salary and that of his ministers by 15%. In the process, in May 2010, Spain followed the movement by announcing a 15% reduction of salaries of its ministers. In the UK, the British prime minister, David Cameron, newly installed in power, his ministers imposed a 5% decrease in their pay. A dry diet made subsequently by Italy and Portugal, among others.

In Europe a constraint to fiscal Germany still appears a prosperous island. While the German economy grew by 2% annual rate in the first quarter, Angela Merkel and her ministers were granted for the first time in twelve years an increase of wages. The Cabinet decided on Wednesday to a 5.7% increase in three stages by August 2013, bringing the salary of Angela Merkel to about 17,016 euros gross per month and those of his ministers to about 13,795 euros.

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Jack Daniel's looking for acquisitions

The owner of Jack Daniel's is in better shape than ever. Not only are sales of Tennessee whiskey, the fifth alcohol brand in the world after Smirnoff, Johnnie Walker, Bacardi and Absolut, are distributed in the U.S., but exports and accelerate the sales of other brands of Brown-Forman, whose Finlandia premium vodka and tequila El Jimador, is still growing as fast.

In total, the U.S. group Brown-Forman is getting ready to buckle on April 30 its 2011-2012 fiscal year with sales up 4% on a comparable basis compared to last year, when they reached 3.4 billion dollars. Operating profit is expected to jump by 8% (855 million last year). "In this sector, where the top ten players realize only 25% of the world, the race for size is not necessarily the best strategy, says Le Figaro Paul Varga, his boss. With margins generated by the sale of spirits, medium-sized groups can succeed. "Listed on Wall Street, the group founded in 1870, whose heirs hold 175 two-thirds of the voting rights, is somehow anti -Pernod Ricard. The French, whose objective is to steal the place of Diageo spirits market, multiplies decade mega-acquisitions: Seagram, Allied Domecq, Absolut. He expects to have reduced its debt to pursue the quest for external growth.

A group without debts

The U.S., he does not caress such dreams of grandeur, seeming satisfied with his seventh place in the world rankings, just ahead of the Italian Campari. Its leaders and family shareholders are vigilant, however. They not only take care not to fall prey, but they remain on the lookout for acquisition opportunities all medium.

This is the group's strategy since Prohibition. From 1920 to 1933, Brown-Forman was one of four U.S. companies authorized to produce alcohol for medical use. He took the opportunity to redeem distilleries … Virtually no debt, it now has a debt capacity estimated at 4 billion. "We will add more vodka brands to expand our portfolio, especially in entry and mid-range," said Paul Varga. The skipper, who wishes to expand in Central and Eastern Europe in this segment precludes a "no comment" to questions about his possible interest in Sobieski vodka for sale by the Franco-Polish Belvedere ( Marie Brizard, William Peel cash advance loan…).

France, emerging country

Brown-Forman, confident in the potential of the worldwide whiskey category, is also interested in acquisitions of brands of scotch whiskey and irish, based on barley, while Kentucky bourbons and Tennessee whiskeys are composed of 51% corn.

He finally target acquisitions enabling it to accelerate the internationalization of its flagship brand Jack Daniel's. Redemptions of Finlandia (2000) and El Jimador (2007) enabled him to acquire distributors in Central and South America. The group now has distribution subsidiaries in ten countries. What less dependent on its partnerships with competitors where it does not have the critical size. In most cases, as in France, he confided to the marketing of its Bacardi bottles. Then he realized in 2001 over three quarters of its sales in the U.S., this market last year represented only 45% of its turnover.

Outside the U.S., Brown-Forman does not fight on the same land as Diageo and Pernod Ricard. "Our emerging markets are different from those of our European competitors, says Mark McCallum, commercial director of the group. We continue to build on the country they regard as mature, with the aim to gain market share in France, Germany, Russia and Ukraine. "However, China and Brazil, the group sets objectives in the medium and long term. "To impose on the Chinese market today is expensive. And the risk of counterfeiting is high. As Diageo and Pernod Ricard are not fighting, we prefer to go elsewhere, "said Paul Varga, who nevertheless seeks to buy a brand of Baiju, the more alcohol sold in the country

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The president does not speak enough employment

Rarely have there been a fear of unemployment too high (one third of the French fear of being unemployed in the coming months) coincide with proposals also limited in terms of job candidates in the presidential election.

Apart from generation contracts (with uncertain effects) of Francois Hollande, antidélocalisation VAT (which will particularly benefit the jobs are not exposed to international competition) by Nicolas Sarkozy, or the prohibition of redundancies (fantastic in a global economy ) by Jean-Luc Melenchon, the impétrants at the Elysee do not shine with the inventiveness of their proposals. Everything happens as if in fact the only social issue of this campaign was beginning to worry about the plight of factory workers in difficulty: Lejaby, Petroplus, Photowatt, ArcelorMittal? to name only those "lucky" to one of the 20 hours. So much so that outgoing President announced that a buyer or a command Unexpected unexpected, the Socialist candidate responds by passing a law requiring an industrial facility to the closing yield. Syndrome Jospin, powerless anger of employees in 2002 by Lu who accused him of doing nothing to save them, has been there?

These employees are far from being the most deprived. From large groups who fulfill their obligations reclassification or revitalization (and often sign large checks start), they are part of the iceberg. Registration for employment center after a redundancy no longer represent each month that 2.9% of input patterns. Contrary to popular belief, their numbers fell 3.4% in 2011 to 14,000 per month. All also receive a contract security professional (CSP), ensuring a strengthened support and 100% of their net salary for a year.

This double "deluxe treatment" (media and procedural) for the CSD and interim would like to also benefit. First variable adjustment of the workforce in the companies they represent one third of entries each month at employment center (or 150,000 people) and are not entitled to a CSP in 15 experimental and employment areas. And, in an envelope limited to less than 20,000 contracts this year. 5 times less than for retrenched when they are 10 times more each month to bear the brunt of the crisis. In factories or elsewhere?

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SMEs, weak link of French exports

Although occupies an important place in the French economy, SMEs – firms employing fewer than 250 employees – are content to play second fiddle to export. They represent less than 18% of sales generated abroad by France, while firms with more than 1,000 employees generate 39% of its amount. And the number of exporting SMEs has been declining in recent years. It took until 2010 for companies embarking on exports (28,900) are more numerous for the first time in eight years than abandoning international markets (26,000). This weakness is particularly disturbing that the French trade deficit worsened to reach a record 69.6 billion euros in 2011.

A series of measures to encourage partnerships

"Entrepreneurial culture does not lead French SMEs to turn spontaneously to export, unlike Germany and Italy where entrepreneurs naturally think to foreign markets to grow their business," says Jean-François Roubaud, president of the CGPME, in a draft opinion "Winning the battle of SMEs with export" submitted today to the vote of the members of the Economic, social and environmental.

To give new impetus to French exports, Jean-Francois Roubaud offers a series of measures ranging from improved business support for encouraging partnerships between large companies and SMEs. It recommends that regions create a "single window for export involving all stakeholders who can help companies" or "Export House" by drawing on the example of Lille. SMEs also need to have information "relevant and immediately usable" to enable them to quickly understand what are the growth markets and declining and who are their competitors. Inspired by the Swedish, France could adopt a "true diagnostic tool" to identify firms capable of exporting.

Billing policy

Despite efforts in recent years, the president of the CGPME observed that coordination between the public can be improved. He believes that the financial institution Oséo public must become "the main contact for funding" by resuming activity insurance prospecting Coface. This insurance allows SMEs to finance their business development and to be compensated in case of failure. Ubifrance under the Ministry of Economy should clarify its public service mission and its activities in competition with chambers of commerce. This would save public money. Its billing policy is also to be revised. Latest proposal: to encourage the economic patriotism of large groups, governments are encouraged to vary the amount of aid awarded to international contracts won by the largest corporations based on the part of activities carried out by SMEs.

Fnac goes hand in telephony. In this sector, the specialist distributor has a market share below 1% with only 80,000 packages sold last year. Marketing offers from most mobile operators, Fnac had to manage a complex set of over 1200 different packages!

As a result, the company decided last June to associate with a single operator, SFR, for the management of its telecom corners. Last night, Alexandre Bompard, CEO of Fnac and Frank Esser, CEO of SFR, inaugurated the new sales concept to the Fnac in Paris CNIT La Défense. This is the first to rock and eventually all the rays of the 80 mobile Fnac become "SFR space." "We hope to sell 200,000 lines via Fnac stores a year," said Frank Esser.

Specifically, the client who wants to buy a mobile Internet subscription, a fixed line, access to fiber optics as well as terminals or incidental to the Fnac will head to the "corner" SFR located within the store. It will be supported by advisers SFR, distributing only offers from this operator. The sales force, merchandising, and information systems of these areas will be managed by SFR. The operator will share the revenue with the Fnac. In return, Fnac provides SFR with prime locations in city centers and suburbs.

SFR 500 vendors

After the first opening in November in the Fnac of Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois, Portet-sur-Garonne, Herblay, Annemasse and Paris la Défense, five new spaces will be installed in Fnac by Christmas in Velizy II Créteil, Nantes, Bordeaux and Parly II.

Spain is in the focus of agencies

New blow for the euro area. After Fitch, it was the turn of Standard & Poor's to break down a notch credit rating of Spain, which changes to "AA-". The rating agency also maintains a negative outlook on the country. In other words, a further downgrade of the country can not be excluded.

The agency believes that financial services' growth prospects are uncertain "because of" increasing risks "facing the economy. The agency referred in particular to "the incomplete reform of the labor market will continue to hinder economic recovery." In the view of S & P, Spain could fall into recession next year, with GDP expected down 0 guaranteed pay day loans.5%.

The fragility of the financial system is also the Achilles heel of the fourth largest economy in the eurozone.S & P is concerned and "a probable further deterioration of asset quality of the Spanish financial system."

The agency also questioned the budgetary targets of the Zapatero government. The Spanish public deficit forecast at 6.2% of GDP for 2011 could be exceeded. As for reducing the deficit to 4.4% of GDP in 2012, it will not be possible without "additional measures".

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Slovak vote weighs on the Paris Stock Exchange

The Paris Bourse is down on Wednesday. The CAC 40 lost 0.90% in the early morning to 3125.97 points. As on Wall Street and in Asia this morning, traders react to the strengthening of the Slovak non-European Financial Stability Fund (EFSF). This decision increases the risk of paralysis in the euro zone, while the French and German leaders have promised a plan to end the crisis before November.

Slovakia is the only one of 17 countries in the euro area has not ratified the agreement of July 21 the European governments, which plans to give the EFSF new powers including increasing its lending capacity to 440 billion euros.Bratislava, however, raised the possibility of a second vote in Parliament, in which the opposition Social Democrats would support the strengthening of EFSF, but no date has been set for the eventual election.

Regarding the Greek case, the inspectors of the "troika" announced Tuesday it had completed their assessment of the austerity measures taken by Greece. These must still be endorsed by the euro area and the IMF, which should allow Athens to receive a new tranche of aid in early November. But nothing is less certain. The IMF is more pessimistic about the future of Greece. "The recession will be deeper than anticipated in June and a recovery is now expected that from 2013," said he.

The results of Alcoa concern

Another source of pessimism: Alcoa, which sent a new signal concern on global growth.The largest U.S. aluminum, opening the ball across the Atlantic Publications, reported Tuesday a quarterly profit below expectations. Group CEO, Klaus Kleinfeld, anticipates slower growth until the end of the year.

Also in the commodities sector, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) also gave evidence of a slowdown in the global economy by scaling back its forecast for global demand for crude in 2011 and 2012 for the third consecutive month. The barrel of "light sweet crude" for November delivery lost $ 1.04 in electronic trading this morning at 84.77 dollars. Barrel of Brent North Sea crude for November delivery gave 74 cents to 109.99 dollars.

As for currencies, the euro stabilized against the greenback despite the Slovak vote.The single currency is worth 1.3630 dollars this morning.

In France, INSEE has announced that consumer prices fell by 0.1% in September from the previous month and rose 2.2% year on year. Industrial production in the euro area will be known by late morning.

Values ​​to follow

Natixis (-2.81% to 2.35 euros), Dexia (0.14% to 0.81 euros)

Fitch affirmed the A + Group BCPE (People's Bank – Savings Bank) and its subsidiary Natixis. The agency also announced it has lowered the long-term rating of Dexia Bank Belgium from A + to A and affirmed the rating of Dexia to A +.

Credit Agricole (-1.60% to 5.35 euros), BNP Paribas (0.80% to 33.71 euros), Natixis (-3.47% to 2.34 euros)

The Societe Generale analyst lowered his recommendation to buy to keep on Credit Agricole with a target price of 5.5 euros and noted its board to keep BNP Paribas to purchase with a target price of 37 euros.The analyst went on sale on Natixis with a target price of 5.6 euros.

ArcelorMittal (-1.29% to 13.82 euros)

The group could be affected by the release of disappointing Alcoa.

Vilmorin (-0.55% to 72.80 euros)

The group is a slight decline in organic growth of the new fiscal year 2011-2012 due to uncertain economic conditions and the impact of weather in the summer of his crops of maize seed.

Transgene (-1.85% to 7.97 euros)

The group intends to continue the clinical development of its TG4040 against hepatitis C infection, the drug has met its primary efficacy endpoint in spite of severe side effects.

Plastic Omnium (-1.64% A17, 99 euros)

Plastic Omnium Auto Exterior, 100% subsidiary of Compagnie Plastic Omnium, has signed an agreement for the acquisition of 100% Plastal Poland."This agreement is subject to the approval of competition authorities of Poland," the group wrote in a statement.

Areva (-2.13% to 22.02 euros)

Luc Oursel, CEO of the group, will be heard at 10 am by the Economic Affairs Committee of the National Assembly. According to a parliamentary report stage, the nuclear expert may have to include new provisions in its accounts to meet the costs of the Finnish EPR.

Foncière Paris France (0.50% to 100.50 euros)

The Board of Directors of Foncière Paris France (FPF) on Wednesday rejected the takeover offer filed by October 7 Paris Vaugirard Hotels Roissy (PHRV).31.4% owned by Allianz, 31.4% and 31.1% Covéa Cofitem-COFIMUR, PHRV offer 100 euros per share, a premium of about 8% to the closing price the day before the offer .

Lagardère (-1.16% to 19.17 euros), EADS (-2.19% to 21.92 euros)

According to BFM on Wednesday, Arnaud Lagardère began to establish conditions to lead the board of the group.It gives Airbus souhiate real certainty about the development of the A350 program.

NextRadioTV radio (-1.8% to 10.85 euros)

HSBC raised its recommendation on Wednesday as underweight to overweight, preferring that value to NRJ.

Air France-KLM (-1.28% to 5.30 euros)

Transport Minister Thierry Mariani implicitly confirmed Wednesday the next appointment of Alexander Juniac, former chief of staff Christine Lagarde at the Ministry of Finance, the General Manager of the airline.

Ipsos (0.75% to 25.49 euros)

The French specialist market research has completed the acquisition of British rival Synovate, based on an enterprise value (including debt) of 525 million pounds (596 million), he announced Wednesday.

Casino has released its sales for the third quarter after-hours trading.

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The United States, the first market for L'Oreal

The future of L'Oréal does not rely only on the lips of Chinese, Indian hair and skin of the Brazilian. To continue to grow, the world leader in cosmetics is also focusing on the United States, its largest market, where it generates 20% of its global sales.

It has set a goal of doubling within ten to fifteen years, the number of consumers worldwide, reaching 2 billion. "The United States will be the third largest contributor of new customers, behind China and India, but ahead of Brazil and Pakistan, provides Rozé Frederick, head of L'Oréal States. This will be the only mature market among the top ten contributors. "

L'Oréal already has 160 million consumers in the United States and would like to win 70 million more, to achieve 1.6 billion euros in annual sales by an additional ten to fifteen years."These additional sales will be higher than those from China," according to Frederic Rozé. Loréalienne this ambition "is not an official target, said cautiously Jean-Paul Agon, CEO of the group. Rather, it is a dream. But dreams are important in business. " L'Oréal United States, the 10,500 employees are mobilized to turn this "dream" into reality. And benefit from the successful relaunch of the subsidiary. After two years of decline, its sales went back up 6.1% last year, reaching 4.779 billion dollars, a record.

The scope for growth remains high online pay day loans. While the market share of L'Oréal approach 20% in Europe, it is only 13.1% in the U.S., where the group is preceded by Procter & Gamble (Pantene, Olay, SK II, Cover Girl , Gucci …).Its leaders would like to double it.

Men and seduced the Hispanic community

L'Oreal teams have identified specific categories of population potential, age, gender and income. If 78% of women are consumers of L'Oréal in the United States, one in two Americans do not consume products home.

The group will particularly try to win men and women of the Hispanic community. It also relies on a sales growth in product categories where it is still low. Its market share is 53% of color and 35% on makeup, but only 11% in shampoos and 17% in skin care. To continue to grow overseas, L'Oreal has its U.S. brands (Maybelline, Redken, Ralph Lauren, Kiehl's …), which represent 20% of its worldwide turnover … but 35% in the United States.

The group could also carry out acquisitions. Last year, he bought Essie, a small brand of nail polish, so far mainly distributed in shops manicure. "Since we sell in supermarkets, U.S. sales have tripled, provides Damien Bertrand, head of global brand. Our market share reached 10% after a few months. "Essie will land soon in France at Monoprix.

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Apple resists the action notwithstanding the death of Steve Jobs

"The news of my death are greatly exaggerated," joked Steve Jobs when Bloomberg had his obituary published in error in August 2008. Nevertheless: the stock market, Apple had lost the title on the day 2.42%.

Announced tonight the death of the charismatic leader will Apple does the same concerns in the markets? It is no surprise to Apple's shareholders. The charismatic leader had prepared his departure, giving the reins of his company to Tim Cook. But his death marks indeed the end of an era for the firm at the apple.

Thursday morning, investors still seem uncertain: New York, the title is almost stable at the opening to 377 dollars (-0.33%). But in Frankfurt, where the action is also listed, the decline is more pronounced: just after 12 o'clock, the title loses 2.75% to 272.51 euros after touching a low of 270.50 euros.

The title after the stand 4S iPhone

Steve Jobs as a CEO was not like the others. Associated with the image of the company he co-founded, he was also in stock bad credit personal loan lenders. Apple has become the first in the world market capitalization, elbow to elbow with Exxon Mobil.

As Steve Jobs made Apple, Steve Jobs's health was reflected in the title. Suffering from cancer since 2004, the group leader had to leave several times, until he left there just over a month, on August 25. Each announcement related to his health problems, the markets feared for the future of the group and the title suffered large fluctuations.

Two days ago, the title fell by 5% during the session along with the presentation of the 4S iPhone. The latest version of Apple's flagship phone, slightly different from the previous one, was disappointed the markets, hoping to iPhone 5.But the title was returned to the balance at the end of the session and finished on a moderate loss of 0.56% to 372.50 dollars. Sign that investors want to believe in the capacity of Tim Cook to keep the group at the top.